Term
| What is equal in an equilibrium? |
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Definition
| rate of the forward and rate of reverse reaction rates |
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|
Term
| What is constant at equilibrium? |
|
Definition
| concentration of reactants and products |
|
|
Term
| What occurs in a saturated solution? |
|
Definition
| the rate of dissolving equals the rate of precipitation, so all saturated solutions are at equilibrium |
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Term
| What occurs during a phase change? |
|
Definition
the forward change occurs at an equal rate as the reverse,
for example, melting rate equals the freezing rate
so you get a solid/liquid equilibrium |
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|
Term
| In terms of Le Chatelier's Principle, what occurs? |
|
Definition
| the reaction will shift forward or reverse, depending on the stress |
|
|
Term
| What occurs to equilibrium when pressure is increased? |
|
Definition
| the reaction shifts to the side with less moles of GAS , to relieve the pressure |
|
|
Term
| What occurs to equilibrium when pressure is decreased? |
|
Definition
| the reaction shifts to the side with more moles of GAS , to keep the pressure |
|
|
Term
| What occurs to equilibrium when a catalyst is added? |
|
Definition
| equilibrium is not affected |
|
|
Term
| What does a catalyst do to a reaction? |
|
Definition
| lowers the activation energy by creating a new lower pathway |
|
|
Term
| What can 4 factors can increase a reaction rate? |
|
Definition
increase temperature
increase surface area(crushing, powder)
increase concentration
add a catalyst |
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|
Term
| What is the heat of reaction, ∆H? |
|
Definition
| potential energy of the products - reactants |
|
|
Term
| What is the activation energy? |
|
Definition
| the minimum energy needed to start a reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heat is absorbed by the system,
∆H +
heat is on the reactant side
temperature decreases (the energy was absorbed by the system, away from the thermometer) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heat is released by the system,
∆H -
heat is on the product side
temperature increases (the energy was released by the system) |
|
|
Term
| How can you identify combustion? |
|
Definition
| hydrocarbon + O2 => water and carbon dioxide |
|
|
Term
| How can you identify decomposition? |
|
Definition
| One reactant => more than one product |
|
|
Term
| How can you identify synthesis? |
|
Definition
| More than one reactant => one product |
|
|
Term
| How can you tell single replacement? |
|
Definition
one element replacing another in a compound
occurs when single element is more active on Table J |
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