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Definition
| a three-nucleotide sequence encoded by DNA but found on mRNA that codes for an amino acid or signals the start or end of a protein |
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Definition
| a group of three nitrogenous bases on a tRNA molecule that are complimentary to the codon on mRNA |
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Definition
| process of protein synthesis, where mRNA is synthesized by using one strand of a DNA molecule as a template |
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Definition
| process of protein synthesis that takes place at ribosomes and that uses the codons in mRNA molecules to specify the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains directing the formation of a specific protein |
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Definition
| states that information flows in one direction, from DNA to RNA to proteins |
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Definition
| the formation of proteins by using information contained in DNA and carried by mRNA and includes the processes of transcription and translation |
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Definition
| type of RNA that is responsible for ribosome function |
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Definition
| type of RNA that transfers amino acids to the growing end of a polypeptide chain during translation |
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Definition
| type of RNA that is single-stranded and encodes the information to make a protein |
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Definition
| a general term used to describe any change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule or a change in chromosomal structure |
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Definition
| a physical or chemical agent that can damage or cause changes in DNA |
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Definition
| a mutation typically occurring during replication, which affects a single gene |
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Definition
| a mutation typically occurring during meiosis, that results from a change in chromosomal structure which will affect many genes |
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Definition
| a type of frameshift mutation where a nucleotide gets added causing a shift in the reading frame of the nucleotide sequence |
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Definition
| a mutation in which a nucleotide or a codon in DNA is replaced with a different nucleotide |
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Definition
| a type of frameshift mutation where a nucleotide is deleted causing a shift in the reading frame of the nucleotide sequence |
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Definition
| a type of gene mutation that does not affect the resulting protein |
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Definition
| a type of point mutation in which a single nucleotide change results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid |
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Definition
| a type of point mutation in a sequence of DNA that results in a premature stop codon |
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Definition
| Causes a shift in the reading frame of the codon, due to a nucleotide getting added or removed from the triplet sequence |
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Definition
| A mutation that occurs at a single 1 nucleotide within the genetic sequence and includes both substitution and frameshift mutations |
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Definition
| an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of RNA by using a strand of a DNA molecule as a template |
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Definition
| a complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA, releasing the intron, and joining the two adjacent exons |
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