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Unit 6 Clinical Reasoning, Thinking, and the Nursing Process
Test 1
59
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
02/03/2014

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Term
What is critical thinking?
Definition
Combination of reasoned thinking, openness to alternatives, an ability to reflect, and desire to seek truth.
Term
What is full spectrum nursing?
Definition
Unique blend of thinking, doing, and caring.
Term
What are the attitudes of a critical thinker?
Definition
-Independent thinking
-Intellectual curiosity
-Intellectual humility
-Intellectual empathy
-Intellectual courage
-Intellectual perserverance
-Fair-mindedness
Term
What is problem solving?
Definition
Process of identifying a problem, collecting information and understanding the problem
Term
What is the nursing process?
Definition
-Assessment
-Diagnosis
-Planning outcomes
-Planning interventions
-Implementation
-Evaluation
Term
What are the levels of learning?
Definition
-Basic
-Complex
-Committed
Term
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Definition
Self-Acualization (TOP)
Esteem
Love/Belonging
Safety
Physiological (BOTTOM)
Term
What is the most important of Maslow's Hierarchy?
Definition
Physiological
Term
What is a co-morbidity? What is an example?
Definition
Concurrently occurring problems

EX: MI & COPD
Stroke & dehydration
Anxiety & depression
Term
What is assessment considered? What do you do when assessing?
Definition
#1 in Nursing Process

-Gather Data
-Validate it
-Organizing it
-Prioritize it
Term
What is the difference between a primary and secondary source?
Definition
Primary - patient themselves
Secondary - everyone/thing else
Term
Assessment is finite or continuous?
Definition
CONTINUOUS!

Make your initial impressions
Record/report data
If there is a significant change…

GO BACK AND ASSESS AGAIN!
Term
What is a model?
Definition
A set of interrelated concepts that represent a particular way of thinking about something.
Term
What is contextual awareness?
Definition
What is happening in the total situation including values, cultural issues etc.
Term
When is inquiry good?
Definition
When it is based off a credible source, good when analyzing a situation.
Term
What are the 5 ways to critically think?
Definition
1.) Contextual Awareness
2.) Inquiry
3.) Considering Alternatives
4.) Analyzing assumptions
5.) Refelctive skepticism
Term
What is reflective skepticism?
Definition
Questioning, analyzing, and reflecting on the rationale for your decisions.
Term
What is theoretical knowledge?
Definition
Information, facts, principles, and evidence-based theories
Term
What is practical knowledge?
Definition
Knowing what to do and how to do it
Term
What is self-knowledge?
Definition
Self-understanding - aware of your beliefs and values
Term
What are 3 tests used in FXNAL ability?
Definition
1.) Katz ADL scale
2.) Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
3.) The Karnofsky Performance Scale
Term
What goes into a nursing interview?
Definition
• Biographical data- name, address, age, gender, etc.
• Chief complaint- subjective data for why patient is seeking medical attention
• History of present illness
• Clients perception of health status & expectations for care
• Past health history
• Family health history
• Social history
• Medications history and device use
• Complementary/alternative modalities (CAM)- ex chiropractor, homeopathy, aromatherapy, etc.
• Review of body systems and associated functional abilities
Term
What is a directive interview?
Definition
Obtain factual, easily categorized information
Term
What is a closed question?
Definition
Yes no answer
Term
What is a non-directive interview?
Definition
Patient controls subject matter
Term
What is an open-ended question?
Definition
Encourage the patient to elaborate
Term
How is diagnosis defined?
Definition
Formal diagnostic statement of the client's health status containing the problem and etiology
Term
What is a health problem?
Definition
Any condition that requires intervention to promote wellness or to prevent or treat disease or illness
Term
What is a nursing diagnosis?
Definition
Statement of client health that nurses can identity, prevent, or treat independently
Term
What is a medical diagnosis?
Definition
Describes a disease, illness or injury.
Term
What is a collaborative problem?
Definition
Certain phsyiological complication of diseases, treatments, or diagnostic studies that nurses monitor to detect onset or changes in status.
Term
What is an actual nursing diagnosis?
Definition
A problem response that exists at the time of assessment
Term
What is a risk nursing diagnosis?
Definition
A problem response that is likely to develop in a vulnerable patient.
Term
What is a possible nursing diagnosis?
Definition
Intuition and experience direct you to suspect that a diagnosis is present, but you do both ave enough data to support it.
Term
What is syndrome nursing diagnosis?
Definition
Represents a collaboration of nursing diagnoses that usually occur together
Term
What is a wellness diagnosis?
Definition
Individual, group, or community is in transition from one level of wellness to a higher one
Term
What are 3 elements of diagnostic reasoning?
Definition
1.) SIgnificant data
2.) Cluster cues
3.) Identify Data gaps and Inconsistencies
Term
How do you draw conclusions about health status?
Definition
1.) Make inferences
2.) Identify problem etiologies
Term
What are the 3 stages of planning?
Definition
1.) Initial - 1st contact, initial comp. care plan
2.) Ongoing - refers to changes made in the plan as you evaluate the patient's responses to care
3.) Discharge - process of planning for self care and continuity of care after the patient leaves the healthcare setting
Term
What are the 4 elements of comprehensive nursing care plans?
Definition
1.) Basic needs and activites
2.) Medical/multidisciplinary treatment
3.) Nursing diagnosis and collaborative probs
4.) Special discharge needs or teaching plans
Term
What is an intervention
Definition
Actions based on clinical judgment and nursing knowledge that nurses perform to achieve client outcomes
Term
What is a direct care intervention?
Definition
Interaction with clients
Term
What is an indirect care intervention?
Definition
Performed away from the client but on behalf of them
Term
What is an independent intervention?
Definition
Nursing diagnosis carried out
Term
What is a dependent intervention?
Definition
Prescribed by a physician but carried out by bedside nurse.
Term
What is an interdependent intervention?
Definition
Carried out in collar with other health team members
Term
How do you choose which intervention to do?
Definition
1.) Critical pathways
2.) Evidence based practice
3.) Evidence reports
4.) Clinical practice guidelines
Term
What is a critical pathway?
Definition
Standardized plans of care for frequently occurring conditions
Term
What is evidence based practice?
Definition
Approach that uses firm scientific data rather than anecdote, tradition or intuition
Term
What is evidence report?
Definition
State of are, systematic reviews of clinical topics for the purpose of giving evidence for practice guidelines
Term
What is a nursing order?
Definition
Instructions that describe how and when nursing interventions are to be implemented
Term
What are the elements of a nursing order?
Definition
- Date
- Subject
- ACtion verb
- Time and limits
- Signature
Term
What is implementation?
Definition
The action phase. Perform delegated action plans and interventions
Term
How do you organize your implementations?
Definition
1.) Establish feedback points
2.) Prepare supplies and equipment
3.) Prepare your patient
Term
How do you prepare your patient for implementation?
Definition
- Check your assumptions
- Assess patient's readiness
- Explain what you will do
- Provide privacy
Term
What is collaboration?
Definition
Working w/ patients and caregivers
Term
What is coordination?
Definition
Scheduling treatments with other departments
Term
What is delegation?
Definition
Direction another person to perform a task or activity
Term
What is evaluation?
Definition
Final nursing process. Planned, ongoing, systematic activity in which you will make judgements about progress
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