Term
|
Definition
| developed a model for the location of secondary industries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used terms, core, semi-periphery, and periphery, to promote dependency theory among nations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country during a year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a measure of the average person's contribution to generating a country's wealth in a year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| began in England in the late 18th century |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| services that support economic activities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry (1736-1819) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes Tokyo and other nearby cities and suburbs that form a huge metropolitan area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a remarkable government-sponsored campaign for modernization and colonization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a treaty signed in 1995 by Mexico, the United States, and Canada, which eliminated barriers (including most tariffs) to free trade among the three countries |
|
|
Term
| Northeast District (China) |
|
Definition
| Manchuria, centered on the region's coal and iron deposits near the city of Shenyang |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| industrial and military leaders that came to political power in Japan and modernized industries, organized armed forsces, and transfored education and transportation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| countries that border the pacific ocean on their eastern shores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Traditional- farming
2) Preconditions for Takeoff- commercial exploitations of materials
3) Take off- massive investment and produce goods for manufacturing
4) Drive to Maturity- wealth goes up
5) Age of Mass Consumption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where foreign investment is allowed and capitalistic ventures are encouraged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| developed the "Stages of Growth" model of economic development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forms when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if several industries clustering in one city, they can provide support by sharing talents, services, and facilities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a location along a transport route where goods must be transferred from one carrier to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| industries whose final products weigh more after assembly than they did previously in their constituent parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| industries whose final products weigh less than their constituent parts, and whose processing facilities tend to be located close to sources of raw material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a global economic system that is based in high-income nations with market economies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid economic and political change that transformed the country into a stable nation with democratizing political institutions, a growing, economy, and an expanding web of nongovernmental institutions |
|
|
Term
| conglomerate corporations |
|
Definition
| comprised of many smaller firms that support the overall industry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the exodus of businesses from a crowded area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of the industrial activity in a region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the historical exploitation of poor nations by rich ones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the effects of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of improving the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a discipline that studies the impact of economic activities on the landscape and investigates reasons behind the locations of economic activities |
|
|
Term
| export-oriented industrialization |
|
Definition
| a strategy that seeks to directly integrate the country's economy into the global economy by concentrating on economic production that can find a place in international markets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| industry in which the cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not important for the location of firms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| coal, petroleum, and natural gas, are residues of plants and animals that were buried millions of years ago |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the increase in earth's temperature caused by the burning of fossil fuels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| natural situation in which heat is retained in Earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which economic activities on the earth's surface evolved from producing basic, primary goods to using factories for mass-producing goods for consumption |
|
|
Term
| international division of labor |
|
Definition
| some components of products are made in one country and others in another |
|
|
Term
| labor intensive industries |
|
Definition
| an industry for which labor costs comprises a high percentage of total expenses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| LDC, those that have not experienced industrialization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explains the locational pattern of economic activities by identifying factors that influence this pattern |
|
|
Term
| locational interdependence theory |
|
Definition
| the influence on a firm's locational decision by locations chosen by its competitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a manufacturing zone created in the 1960s just south of United States' border with Mexico for producing goods for consumers in the U.S. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| model of economic development maintains that all countries go through five stages of development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MDC, those that have experienced industrialization |
|
|
Term
| new international division of labor |
|
Definition
| a process that keeps global inequalities in place, discourages new industries from developing in LDC's, and prevents wealth from flowing from MDC's to LDC's |
|
|
Term
| newly industrializing country |
|
Definition
| countries in the transition stage between developing and developed countries. Newly industrializing countries typically have rapidly growing economies |
|
|
Term
| post-industrial societies |
|
Definition
| countries where most people are no longer employed in industry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary economic activities |
|
Definition
| agriculture that directly extracts products from the earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| develops around the location of natural resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of the economy that draws raw materials from the natural environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy deposits that have been discovered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| often seen as a subset of the tertiary sector |
|
|
Term
| secondary economic activities |
|
Definition
| ndustry that transforms raw materials into usable products |
|
|
Term
| secondary industrial region |
|
Definition
| where agglomeration is somewhat less, but still significant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| less dependent on resource location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of the economy that transforms raw materials into manufactured goods |
|
|
Term
| single market manufacturers |
|
Definition
| manufacturers that produce goods for one type of market |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| location factors related to the cost of factors of production inside the plant, such as land, labor, and capital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the maturation of skills or abilities that enable people to live in a world with other people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| determined by high rates of literacy, access to formal education, and good health care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suggests that business owners can juggle expenses, as long as labor, land rents, transportation, and other costs don't all go up at one time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of the economy that involves services rather than goods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conglomerations of trade among countries within a region |
|
|
Term
| transnational corporations |
|
Definition
| companies that operate factories in countries other than the ones in which they are headquartered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| figured by subtracting the costs of raw materials and energy from the gross value of the product |
|
|
Term
| variable revenue analysis |
|
Definition
| the firm's ability to capture a market that will earn it more customers and money than its competitors |
|
|
