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| a system in which the economy and property and held in common, not by individuals, creating economic equality |
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| system in which all power goes to government, not individuals, and is led by a dictatorship |
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Stalin controlled both industry and agriculture, increasing the power of the country
Stalin tolerated no opposition and up to 10 million Russians died under his rule |
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Nazi Adolf Hitler promoted German self-determination through expansion
Hitler also used social Darwinism to promote racially “purifying” the German people |
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| a ship of Jewish refugees to the United States was denied due to nativist |
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On December 7th, 1941, Japan launched a surprise attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Thousands of Americans died and many American warplanes and warships were destroyed |
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Americans’ fear of communist spies increased Red Scare hysteria
In 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy gained power by accusing Americans of being communists
- using fear and false accusations to gain power and ruin others’ reputations |
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| this law allowed for the “lending” of war materials to Britain |
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FDR and Churchill met and set post-war goals after Germany’s defeat
-They agreed to promote self-government and oppose imperialism |
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these laws aimed to keep the United States out of war by avoiding the causes of World War I
Travel on foreign ships and loans to countries at war was banned
The government could not sell war materials to countries at war |
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| term for the new “barrier” that isolated Soviet-controlled countries in Eastern Europe |
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| American foreign policy of keeping communism from spreading |
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| Congress spent billions of dollars to stabilize countries in Western Europe and keep communism contained |
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The WPB regulated production and converted many factories to produce war materials
American factories eventually produced twice more than all the Axis Powers combined |
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| the southern and western region of the United States, which has warm climate |
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| this famous symbol encouraged women to work on the home front |
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| Truman bypassed the blockade with airplanes and saved West Berlin from communism |
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| "double v" campaign yalta conference |
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| black leaders promoted fighting against both Hitler’s racism (V #1) and racism in the United States (V #2) |
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After the Holocaust, the UN created Israel as Jewish homeland in the Middle East
Israel, a mostly Jewish and non-Arab nation, faced hostility from the surrounding Arab-Muslim countries |
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| became president after FDR passed away from a stroke |
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This top-secret government project aimed to build the first atomic bomb
An atomic bomb would be destructive enough to destroy an entire city |
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The United Nations (UN) replaced the League of Nations
The UN was stronger and could use military force
The United States both joined and had a leading role in the UN |
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post-war time of tension between communist and anti-communist countries, especially between the Soviet Union and United States
Tension increased over time, especially as communism spread to new countries |
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| In 1950, communist North Korea invaded South Korea, crossing the border at the 38th parallel, which challenged containment policy |
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| time in the United States of high fear of communism and nuclear war during the Cold War |
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Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union depended on capturing Stalingrad
- The battle resulted in brutal urban fighting and over one million people died
After winter began, the Soviet Union defeated the poorly equipped Germans |
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| after breaking Japanese codes, naval forces under Nimitz ambushed the Japanese fleet |
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| operation overloard/D-day |
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| On “D-Day,” the Allies, led Eisenhower, began their invasion of western Europe |
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Admiral Nimitz adopted a strategy of capturing small islands in order to “hop” closer to Japan
Capturing these islands would enable large-scale attacks and eventually an invasion
However, war on these islands became exceptionally and increasingly violent |
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| The Berlin blockade convinced Truman to join NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), an anti-communist military alliance with Western Europe |
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| this group in Congress investigated communist spies |
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| Office of Price Administration |
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| The OPA regulated prices and required rationing (limited use) of products vital to the war effort |
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| the Supreme Court ruled that Japanese internment was constitutional as a national security measure |
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