Term
| What is mechanical weathering? |
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Definition
| Occurs when Physical forces break rock into smaller and smaller pieces without changing the rock's mineral composition. |
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Term
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Definition
| After many freeze-thaw cycles, the rock breakes into pieses by a process called frost wedging |
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Term
| When water freezes, its volume..... |
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Definition
| Its volume expands by about 9%, exerting a tremendous outward force. This force is great enough to burst water pipes during the winter. |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT associated with mechanical weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is chemical weathering? |
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Definition
| Chemical weathering is the transformation of rock into one or more new compounds |
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Term
| Which of the following is the result of chemical weathering? |
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Definition
| A rock that has been changed into one or more new compunds |
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Term
| The atmospheric gas that forms a mild acid when dissolved in water is.... |
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Definition
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Term
| What would cause the inscription on a marble gravestone to become harder and harder to read over time? |
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Definition
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Term
| What climate does chemical weather favor the most? |
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Definition
| Climates with high temperatures and abundant moisture |
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Term
| What are the major components of soil? |
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Definition
| Mineral matter or broken down rock, organic matter or humans, which decayed remains of organisms, water, and air |
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Term
| A soil's texture is determined by.... |
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Definition
| You use categories of clay, silt, and in the soil |
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Term
| The main source of organic matter in soil is..... |
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Definition
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Term
| Use figure 5-1 to determine what a soil called if it has 20 percent clay, 60 percent silt, and 20 percent sand. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand shown at point B in figure 5-1? |
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Definition
| Clay 20%, silt 40%, sand 40% |
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Term
| What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand at point A in figure 5-1? |
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Definition
| Clay 60%, silt 20%, sand 20% |
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Term
| What are the proportions of clay, silt, and sand at point C in figure 5-1? |
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Definition
| Clay 10%, silt 20%, sand 70% |
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Term
| A soil associated with the hot and wet tropics is.... |
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Definition
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Term
| Pedalfer soils with contain high amounts of.... |
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Definition
| Iron oxide and aluminum-rich clays |
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Term
| The process responsible for moving material downslope under the influence of gravity is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the force behind mass movements? |
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Definition
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Term
| A mass movement that invoves the sudden movement of a block of material along a flat, inclined surface is called a.... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of these factors affects the rate of weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why can the removal of vegetation trigger mass movements? |
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Definition
| The plant roots bind the soil and regolith together |
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Term
| In the process of...., water freezes and expands, enlarging cracks in rocks. |
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Definition
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Term
| A large pile of debris that forms at the base of a slope is called..... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most important agent of chemical weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Layer of rock and mineral fragments, which covers nearly all of the Earth's land surface. |
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Term
| The force that drives mass movements is ...... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the content in the soil type Pedocal? |
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Definition
| Abundant calcite or calcium carbonate and are typically light gray-brown. |
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Term
| What is the location and content of the soil type Laterite? |
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Definition
| Found in hot,wet tropical areas. Iron oxides and aluminum oxides are present. |
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Term
| One of the most dramatic triggers of suden mass movements is a(n)..... |
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Definition
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Term
| ......., the slowest type of mass movement, invoves the lifting and contracting of soil particles over time |
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Definition
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Term
| What are three factors that affect the rate of weathering? |
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Definition
| Mechanical weathering, rock characteristics, and climate |
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Term
| How are soils classified based on texture? |
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Definition
| You use the percentages of clay,silt, and sand |
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Term
| Explain the three processes that break rocks into smaller pieces during mechanical weathering? |
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Definition
| Frost wedging, unloading, and biological |
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