Term
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Definition
| Infectous diseases acquired as a result of medical procedures or in a medical facility, may be more virulent than typical infections |
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Definition
| Given to occur in a particular geographic region |
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Definition
| Rapid increase and spread of incidence of a disease |
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| An inanimate object that is contaminated with pathogenic microbes |
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Definition
| Portal of entry is through the skin via wounds, incisions, injections or bites |
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Term
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Definition
| the presence of viral particles in the blood stream |
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Definition
| The presence of bacteria in the blood stream |
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Term
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Definition
| The total number or amounts of microbes introduced into the body |
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Term
| Anitbody-mediated immunity |
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Definition
| The body produces antigen specific immunoglobulin antibodies against ivading microbes |
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Term
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Definition
| the body produces antigen specific cells which destroy invading microbes or infected cells |
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Term
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Definition
| "Immunological memory", the body reacts more rapidly and effectively against previously enoucntered antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| Long lasting immunity due to the body's own reponse to an anitgen |
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Term
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Definition
| Short term immunity as a result of injecting antibodies into the body from an outside source |
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Term
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Definition
| Procedures followed and practiced by health and care givers intended to prevent or limit the spread of infectous diseases |
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Term
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Definition
| To greatly reduce the number of microbes through cleansing and antiseptics |
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Term
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Definition
| Clinical procedures done to detect the presence of antigen-specific antibodies in teh blood or virus specific nucleic acids in cells and tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemotherapeutic agents(drugs) which are intended to kill or impair the microbes that cause disease when given to the patient |
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Term
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Definition
| Antimicrobial drugs that are "man Made", sythesized in the laboratory |
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Term
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Definition
| Limits the growth and reproduction of bacteria, allowing the body's defenses to resolve the infection |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteinaceous infectious particles |
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Term
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Definition
| Kills the pathogenic bacteria in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| unicellular aquatic and marine algea |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability of a microorganism to inflict harm and cause disease |
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Definition
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Definition
| Intracellular parasitic bacteria similar to Rickettsia, use humans as nautral reservoir and do not require arthropod vectors |
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Term
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Definition
| The body's reaction to microbial harm or damage; vasodialtion (redness), swelling (edema), pain, heat and impaired functioning |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Microscopic filaments of mold which grow throughout whatever substance the mold is living on; they secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients |
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Definition
| damage inflicted as a result of exposure to a m icrobial toxin |
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Term
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Definition
| Poisonous substances released when microbes die and disintegrate |
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Term
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Definition
| A large aggregation of fungal hyphae, often visible to the naked eye |
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Term
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Definition
| Poisonous substances released by living, metabolizing microorganisms |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypersensitivity immune reaction to microbial antigens |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| microbial forms, especially fungi, which cause harm by taking advanteage of weakened host defenses or conditions conductive to their growth |
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Term
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Definition
| protozoa which swim about by means of cilia |
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Term
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Definition
| protozoa which creep about via pseudopodia |
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Term
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Definition
| A cellular form that is characterized by a membranous nucleus and other intracellular membranous organelles. characteristic of protozoa, fungi, plants and animals |
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Term
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Definition
| A weakening of the body's immunity and resistence to other infections |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to when pathogenic microbes can grow on or in a host without inflicting any noticeable harm |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent of harm caused |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires a specific environmnet and cannot survive in any other condition |
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Term
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Definition
| Can survive in either aerobic or anaerobic environments |
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Term
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Definition
| microbial forms that do not require oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| microbial forms that use oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| Spiral or cury-shaped bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| Rod-shaped bacteria cells |
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Term
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Definition
| round-shaped bacteria cells |
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Definition
| The infliction of harm on vital or essential body organs or functions |
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Definition
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Definition
| Pathogenic microbes are passed directly from one person to another through close personal contact |
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Definition
| A procedure that uses intense heat, pressure, radiation or chemicals that completely destroy all microbial forms and resistant spores |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacterial growths that appear as small dots on agar plates, each colony is typically composed of descendants from one bacterial cell |
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Term
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Definition
| A gelatinous substance that serves as the base for nutrient media for culturing microbial forms, especially bacteria, in the laboratory |
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Term
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Definition
| insect or insect-related; any member of phylum arthropoda |
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Term
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Definition
| A characteristic cellular form that does not have a membranous nucleus and other intracellular membranous organelles. Characteristic of Rickettsia and bacteria and related forms |
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Definition
| Those organisms that normally serve as host and source for a particular pathogenic microbe |
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Term
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Definition
| A class of viruses that uses RNA as their genetic material rather than DNA. The host cellsmust convert viral RNA into host DNA via process called "reverse transcription" The normal process of transcription converts DNA into complemenntary RNA. The HIV virus is an example. |
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Term
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Definition
| The defenses against infection possessed by most organisms. It is usulaly th host's immunity that resolves most viral infections. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dormant viral genes within the host cell. The host cell may continue to normally function until the viral genes become active (if ever) |
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Term
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Definition
| The procedure of growing living tissues in labortory conditions. The only way in which viruses can be "grown" in the lab is by the culturing the apporopriate host cells |
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Definition
| A parasite that operates inside a living host cell at the expense of the host cell's normal funcitoning |
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Term
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Definition
| An individual virus outside of its host cell. A "package of genes" incapable of any independent metabolism and reproduction. An inner core of DNA or RNA and an outer capsule of protein |
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Term
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Definition
| that which causes a disease. For any given infectous disease, the specific microorganism that causes it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any manifestation of harm to the body asa result of the actions of microorganisms. Any disease caused by microorganisms |
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Term
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Definition
| Pathogenic microbes are passed though contract with infected water, food, objects or vectors |
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Term
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Definition
| Infectous diseases which can be spread or acquired primarily gby indiredct spread |
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Term
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Definition
| communicable infectous diseases which are relatively easily spread by direct contact. |
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