Term
|
Definition
| a process when a country breaks down into smaller pieces because of ethnic differences |
|
|
Term
| Binational/Multinational State |
|
Definition
| a state that contains more than one nation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an invisible line that mark the extent of a state's territory and the control that its leaders have |
|
|
Term
| Centripetal Force/Centrifugal Force |
|
Definition
| -bind together the people of a state, giving it strength |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the competition between two superpowers for control of land spaces all over the world (Soviet Union and United States) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an economy with socialist principle of centralized planning and state ownership |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state where the distance from the center to any boundary is about the same, giving it a shape similar to a circle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system that spreads the power among many sub-units (such as states), and has a weak central government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also known as cultural boundaries (boundaries set by ethnic differences) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an area where a nation-state grow from (where it is strongest) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outlying areas of the core |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| boundaries set by ethnic differences, esp. those based on language and/or religion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a trend that is changing the world to a more globalized place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the transfer of some important powers from central governments to sub-governments |
|
|
Term
| Disputes: Positional, Territorial/Resource & Functional |
|
Definition
| positional, or definitional disputes occur when states argue about where the border actually is |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a devolutionary force that use economic inequalities in different areas, like Italy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of how the spatial configuration of electoral districts and voting patterns reflect and influence social and political affairs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| states that have a long and narrow shape, sometimes because of physical geography and other times for political or economic reasons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exclaves: small bits of territory that lie on coasts separated from the state by the territory of another state; enclaves: landlocked within another country, so that the country totally surrounds it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a devolutionary force that uses ethnic identity to separate an ethnic group from a country |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency for an ethnic group to see itself as a distinct nation with a right to autonomy or independence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a proposed constitution by the EU, but rejected by France and the Netherlands, that would have mark an important recognition of the EU's sovereignty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a union that is replacing national banks in Europe as a central bank |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a regional organization that promises to redefine the meaning of sovereignty, combining all Europe under one coin system (euro) and among other things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system that divides the power between the central government and the sub-units |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a capital that serves as a model for national objectives (esp. economic development and future hopes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| divisions based on ethnic or cultural identity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| states that have several discontinuous pieces of territory (any state with islands) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a geographic zone where no state exercises power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| straight, imaginary lines that generally have good reasons behind their creation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process that attempts to redraw boundaries to improve the chances of its supporters to win seats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the spatial and territorial dimensions of power relationships within the global political-territorial order |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| growing commonalities among nations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a reference to the leadership and institutions that make policy decisions for a country |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Halford Mackinder's theory that stated that the "pivot area" of earth (Eurasia) holds the resources to dominate the globe (or at least a land-based power) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stable, long lasting organizations that help to turn political ideas into policies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process that encourages the states to pool their sovereignty in order to gain political, economic, and social clout |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of boundary within a state, for administrative purposes or to mark off cultural regions ex. US, Canada, India |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of expansionism where an immigrant group immigrates to lands belonging to another country, and then claims that part to be theirs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| states that lack ocean frontage and surrounded by other states |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a class of economy with two types: mixed economy and pure market economy; controlled by the people, no government restrictions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the term that describes the state's re-creation of a market in which property, labor, goods, and services can all function in a competitive environment to determine their value |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a principle to allow the dividing territories with a body of water (in the middle of the water) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| states that are the smallest in the world such as Liechtenstein, Andorra, and San Morino with just a few square miles |
|
|
Term
| Minority & Majority districting |
|
Definition
| rearranging districts to allow a minority representative to be elected, and it is just as controversial as the old-style party gerrymandering |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an economy that allows for significant control from the central government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the control of the money supply |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state with more than one core area that may cause problems (like Nigeria, not US) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of people that is bound together by a common political identity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state whose territorial extent coincides with that occupied by a distinct nation or people, or at least, whose population shares a general sense of unity and allegiance to a set of common values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| states that completely surround another state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical boundaries using physical features, such as mountains, desert, or water bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the political organization of the planet, a constantly changing collage of countries that once were kingdoms or parts of empires, or perhaps scatterings of independent tribes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the collection of political beliefs, values, practices, and institutions that the government is based on |
|
|
Term
| Politicization of religion |
|
Definition
| The use of religious principles to promote political ends and vice versa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (basically) all about power; power to make decisions and challenges to get them and keep them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a capital city with no other city that comes even close to rivaling it (terms of size or influence) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the transfer of state-owned property to private ownership |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a geographer that theorized that a state compares to a biological organism with a life cycle from birth to death, with a predictable rise and fall of power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a location that is defined by where it is compared to other places |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nicholas Spykman's theory that opposed the heartland theory, by saying that Eurasia's rim, not heart, will be the key to global power (China, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, India, the Arabian Peninsula, and Europe) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the body responsible for making decisions for the UN for peacekeeping actions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movements in which nationalities within a country may demand independence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| zones of great cultural complexity containing many small cultural groups who find refuge in the isolation created by rough terrain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability of the state to carry out actions or policies within its borders independently from interference either from the inside or the outside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a devolutionary force that uses the isolation or remoteness to promote devolution, esp. deserts, water, or mountains separate them from center of power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Supranational organization |
|
Definition
| cooperating groups of nations that operate on either a regional or international level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a term that describes the shapes, sizes, and relative locations of states |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the concept to control pieces of the earth's surface for political and social ends; basic to the study of political geography |
|
|
Term
| Third wave of democratization |
|
Definition
| political scientist Samuel Huntington's theory on the democratization; the first was developed gradually over time; the second was characterized by de-colonization around the globe; the third is now, characterized by the defeat of dictatorial or totalitarian rulers from South Ameria to Eastern Europe to some parts of Africa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also known as spheres of authority, 1. Trade and other economic matters; 2. Justice and home affairs; 3.common foreign and security policy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system that concentrates all policy-making powers in one central geographic place |
|
|
