Shared Flashcard Set

Details

unit 4
N/A
23
Microbiology
Not Applicable
06/12/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
what is all the genetic info. in a cell called and where is it contained?
Definition
genome, chromosomes
Term
what do chromosomes contain and what are they?
Definition
genes, segments of DNA
Term
T/F: Bacterial chromosome(s) is a singular circular strand of DNA
Definition
True
Term
Where are bacterial chromosomes in the cell  and why?
Definition
nucleoid region, b/c theres no nuclear membrane
Term
T/F Bacterial chromosomes are associated with histone proteins
Definition
False
Term
describe the bacterial chromosome
Definition

  • Singular circular stand of DNA
  • Only one per cell (haploid # of chromosomes)
  • Contained in the nucleoid b.c of lack of nuclear membrane
  • Not associated with histone proteins
  • Extrachromosomal pieces of DNA is found in the cell's plasmids 

Term
extrachromosomal pieces of DNA in a prokaryotic cell is found in the ____
Definition
Plasmids
Term
Do eukaryotic cells have diploid or haploid number of chromosomes?
Definition

Both

ie: sperm cell (23) is a haploid

a body cell (46) is a diploid

Term
T/F: Eukaryotic chromosomes exist in circular molecules of DNA
Definition
False (LINEAR)
Term
where is a eukaryotic cell's chromosomes present and where else can they be found?
Definition
nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts
Term
T/F: Eukaryotic chromosomes exist in pairs
Definition
True
Term
Describe eukaryotic chromosomes
Definition

  • Exist in pairs
  • Have a # of diploid or haploid of chromosomes 
  • Exist ion linear molecules of DNA
  • Associated with histones
  • Extrachromosomal DNA can b found in mitochondria and chloroplasts
  • Present in nucleus which is enveloped in a nuclear membrane that contains pores

Term
Is DNA supercoiled and tightly packed in eukaryotes or prokaryotes?
Definition
Both
Term
________ DNA is much longer (at least 10X) 
Definition
Eukaryotic
Term
T/F: DNA is a micromolecule 
Definition
False (Macromolecule)
Term
T/F: The inherited nature of DNA is found in order of sequence of the nucleotides 
Definition
True
Term
DNA is composed of monomer units called ____ that make up nucleic acids
Definition
nucleotides 
Term
What are the 3 parts that make up nucleotides 
Definition

  1. Phosphate group
  2. Sugar (deoxyribose)
  3. Nitrogenous base

Term
What are the nitrogenous bases of DNA?
Definition

Adenine - Thymine

Guanine - Cytosine

Term
What dictates the complimentary arrangement of of DNA nitrogenous bases?
Definition
Pairing rule
Term
DNA nitrogenous bases pairing rule
Definition
%(A+T) + %(G+C) = 100%
Term
DNA exist in the shape of a twisted ladder known as _______ discovered by _________ and ________
Definition
double helix, watson, crick
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