Term
| A flute is an open pipe because at the embouchure hole and at the foot joint there are |
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Definition
| A pressure node and a displacement antinode. |
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Term
| In a brass instrument of fixed length (called a “natural horn”) on |
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Definition
| can easily play only the harmonics of the pipe |
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Term
In an oboe (which has a conical bore), what is the fundamental frequency for a 0.5 m long air column
at 20 C ? |
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Definition
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Term
| In a closed tube at 30C(for which the velocity of sound is 350 m/s), what is the fundamental mode frequency for a stopped tube with an effective length of 0.35 m? |
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Definition
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Term
| The frequency produced by blowing against the edge of the embouchure of a flute is determined by |
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Definition
- The width of the hole
- The velocity of the air jet
- The frequency of the standing waves in the pipe
- The effective length of the air column |
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Term
| The chief difference between a xylophone and a marimba is |
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Definition
the deeper undercutting in a marimba (compared to the xylophone for which first overtone 3f1)
that makes the first overtone frequency 4x the fundamental |
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Term
| The factor or factors that control the pitch of the human voice is (are) |
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Definition
| the length, tension and density of the vocal folds. |
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Term
| An open hole in the side of a tube |
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Definition
| decreases the effective length of the tube by shifting a pressure node toward the hole location. |
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Term
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Definition
| classified as a hard reed. |
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Term
| The vocal chords are/do NOT: |
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Definition
- Inharmonic
- Classified as a soft reed
- Vibrate only in resonance with the vocal tract
- Vibrate at only one frequency |
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Term
| Brass instruments are characterized by sound initiated by |
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Definition
buzzing lips. NOT BY
b) blowing across a hole.
c) cane reeds.
d) mallets.
e) vocal folds |
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Term
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Definition
| a clarinet to jump to a register one octave and a perfect fifth higher. |
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Term
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Definition
| the bell causes a shift in the low frequency modes to higher values. |
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Term
| A trumpet differs most significantly from a cornet |
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Definition
| in the amount of cylindrical and conical tubing in their construction |
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Term
| Vocal folds oscillate because of: |
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Definition
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Term
| The vibration recipe of a cymbal: |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
- Ridges of mucus membranes.
- Determine to the pitch |
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Term
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Definition
- Are NOT long strips of tissue
- Do NOT oscillate independent of any muscle tension |
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Term
| Brass instruments are effectively closed end tubes, however... |
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Definition
| the mouthpiece and bell strongly affect the harmonic recipe of brass instruments. |
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Term
| Vowel sounds from the human voice can be characterized by their formants. |
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Definition
| Formants are broad resonance bands of the vocal tract |
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Term
| T/F: Formants depend on muscle tension in the vocal folds. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Formant values are not determined by the vibration recipe of the vocal folds. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: Formant values are independent of the shape of the vocal resonator cavity |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: If any two individuals say the same word, the values of their respective formants are not identical. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Percussion instruments in genera |
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Definition
| vibrate at the frequencies of their natural mode |
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Term
| Sopranos open their mouths when they sing high notes, primarily |
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Definition
| to shift formants higher in frequency. |
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Term
| Vibration modes on a drum membrane: |
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Definition
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Term
| A mallet is in contact with a drum head for 1 millisecond. The highest frequency excited is |
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Definition
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Term
| The striking of a drum head at a particular point |
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Definition
| excites modes in proportion to their amplitudes at that point. |
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Term
| A timpani set produces an approximately harmonic series by: |
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Definition
- Suppressing certain modes of vibration with an enclosed air volume.
- Maintaining a certain tension in the drum head.
- Being struck in the appropriate spot on the head.
- Loading of the drum head by the air it moves. |
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