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| a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. |
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| his book, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, said a large navy spread worldwide on bases helped a country’s power and security |
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Many felt white English culture, government, and religion were superior
Some considered it the “white man’s burden” to civilize and Christianize other nations |
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| the United States was allowed full trade with China |
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| Chinese nationalists began attacking and killing thousands of foreigners and Christians, including Americans |
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Hawaii was strategically located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean
It was a hub of trade and an ideal location for building military bases |
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biased, sensationalist, or false reporting (propaganda)
American newspapers often exaggerated stories of Spanish atrocities in order to sell more newspapers
These stories made Americans more in favor of war |
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President William McKinley sent a naval ship, the U.S.S. Maine, to peacefully investigate
At Cuba, the U.S.S. Maine exploded, killing over 250 sailors |
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President William McKinley sent a naval ship, the U.S.S. Maine, to peacefully investigate
At Cuba, the U.S.S. Maine exploded, killing over 250 sailors |
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| the United States restricted Cuba’s foreign policy, build bases in Cuba, and intervene if Cuba became unstable |
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| Annexation of Phillipines |
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The United States ratified the Treaty of Paris and annexed the Philippines
Though under American control, Filipinos were denied the rights of American citizens
Philippine-American War—Americans suppressed rebelling Filipinos, costing over 200,000 lives |
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Roosevelt believed in the African proverb, “Speak softly and carry a big stick”
He wanted a strong global military to deter other countries from challenging American interests |
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the United States, not Europe, would intervene in Latin America when necessary
This prevented other countries from gaining power and territory near the United States |
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| The United States then built the Panama Canal, which connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans |
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Taft favored investment and trade with other countries, not military force
Taft felt this benefitted American businesses AND poorer countries |
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Wilson opposed what he saw as selfish American imperialism
He sought to respect other countries’ rights and promote democracy, but was not always consistent |
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| Unrestricted submarine warfare |
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| policy of the Germans against ships sailing in international waters during the start of WWI in an effort to cut off supplies from Great Britain |
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| During WWI Russia will end the war to stabilizied a civil war as the people are fighting against Czar Nicholas because of a broken economy - no food or money |
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| Committee on Public Information |
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| US war board to promote US involvement in WWI and to educate people on how to get involved in the war |
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| created by US President Woodward Wilson as a plan for permanent world peace |
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| time after World War I when Americans feared the rise of communists (also called “Reds”) in the United States |
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Germany told Mexico they would resume unrestricted submarine warfare, proposed an alliance, and promised to help Mexico conquer Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona
Americans were outraged, especially when unrestricted submarine warfare resumed |
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Baruch transformed factories from civilian to military production
Factories built guns, ships, tanks, airplanes, etc.
The WIB encouraged citizens to conserve resources used in production |
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Taft prevented strikes that would hurt war production
The NWLB limited strikes by pushing employers to improve working conditions
Unions gained power, which employers challenged after the war |
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| up to 500,000 southern blacks moved to the North to fill better paying factory job openings during the war |
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| Espionage and Sedition Acts |
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| these laws made disrupting the war effort or publicly criticizing the government illegal |
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| the Supreme Court ruled against Schenk, saying that limiting speech that created a “clear and present danger” was legal |
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| nations in this international peacekeeping organization and cooperate with and respect fellow members |
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| Blame Germany for the war, break up Germany, and then try to preserve lasting peace |
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| time after World War I when Americans feared the rise of communists (also called “Reds”) in the United States |
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| meetings of groups associated with unions and political radicals were raided, often without warrants |
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| the idea that the United States is safer and prosperous if it avoids international affairs |
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Warren G. Harding won the Election of 1920 by promising a “return to normalcy”
Hysteria died down and the Progressive Era ended as the United States entered the “Roaring Twenties” |
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| In 1893, American immigrants, backed by the U.S. Marines, overthrew the Hawaiian leader, Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii was soon annexed (became part of) the United States as a territory |
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