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Unit 3
Unit 3
108
Pharmacology
Professional
11/22/2009

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Clopidogrel
Definition
Inhibit P2Y12 ADP platelet receptor activation
Term
Ticlopidine
Definition
Inhibit P2Y12 ADP platelet receptor activation
Term
Aspirin
Definition
Inhibit platelet activator TxA2 synthesis and secretion
Term
NSAIDs
Definition
Inhibit platelet activator TxA2 synthesis and secretion
Term
Dipyridamole
Definition
increase platelet cAMP levels by acting on PLA2
Term
Abciximab
Definition
Inhibit GP IIbIIIa receptors
Term
Tirofiban
Definition
Inhibit GP IIbIIIa receptors
Term
Eptifibatide
Definition
Inhibit GP IIbIIIa receptors
Term
Eltrombopag
Definition
TPO agonist; is a nonpeptide mimetic; given oral
Term
Romiplostim
Definition
TPO agonist; is a peptide mimetic; given subcutaneous
Term
Warfarin
Definition
inhibits Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase = VKOR
Term
Protamine
Definition
positively charged molecule that helps remove free heparin
Term
Dalteparin
Definition
LMWH
Term
Enoxaparin
Definition
LMWH
Term
Enoxaparin
Definition
LMWH
Term
Tinzaparin
Definition
LMWH
Term
Fondaparinux
Definition
pentasaccharide binds to antithrombin
Term
Idraparinux
Definition
Not used analog of fondaparinux - a pentasaccharide that binds to antithrombin
Term
Idrabiotaparinux
Definition
biotinlated idraparinux (which is a pentasaccharide that binds to antithrombin)
Term
Hirudin
Definition
Direct thrombin inhibitor
Term
Bivalirudin
Definition
direct thrombin inhibitor with smaller connecting chain than hirudin
Term
Agatroban
Definition
Direct thromin inhibitor, binds only to catalytic site
Term
Dabigatran
Definition
oral direct thrombin inhibitor that only binds to catalytic site
Term
Rivaroxiban
Definition
Factor Xa inhibitor
Term
Apixaban
Definition
reversible Xa inhibitor
Term
eculizumab
Definition
antibody against C5, preventing terminal compliment activation
Term
Deferoxamine
Definition
first line Fe chelator, subcu injection
Term
Deferiprone
Definition
orally active chelating agent, but not in US b/c of potential safety problems
Term
Deferasirox
Definition
new oral Fe chelator
Term
hydroxyurea
Definition
increase amount of HbF for sickle cell disease
Term
Melphalan
Definition
nitrogen mustard
Term
Lanolidomide
Definition
structral analog of thalidomide, anti angiogenic and immunomodulatory
Term
Bortezomib
Definition
proteasome inhibitor
Term
Alemtuzumab
Definition
anti-CD52 (lymphocyte marker)
Term
Cyclophosphamide
Definition
alkylating agent, main toxicity is hemorrhagic cystitis
Term
Ifosfamide
Definition
alkylating agent; main toxicity is CNS effects
Term
Cisplatin
Definition
platinum; toxicities = nephrotoxicity, nausea/vomitting, neurotoxicity, ototoxicity
Term
Carboplatin
Definition
platnium; toxicity = myelosuppression
Term
Oxaliplatin
Definition
platinum; toxicity = neurotoxicity, cold intolerance
Term
Doxorubicin
Definition
anthracycline; toxicity = cardiac, myelosuppression, nausea/vomitting
Term
Bleomycin
Definition
antibiotic; toxicity = pulmonary, NOT bone marrow, oral mucositis
Term
Etoposide (epipodophyllotoxins)
Definition
Topoisomerase II inhibitor (stabilizes double stranded breaks
Term
Irinotecan (camptothecins)
Definition
Topoisomerase I inhibitor - stabilizes single strand breaks
Term
Methotrexate
Definition
folate analog; inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
Term
Leucovorin
Definition
Folate supplement used to prevent toxicity from methotrexate
Term
5-fluorouracil
Definition
antimetabolite; inhibits thymidylate synthetase, which converts dUMP to dTMP
Term
cytosine arabinoside
Definition
antimetabolite
Term
gemcitabine
Definition
cytosine analog anti-metabolite
Term
fludarabine
Definition
adenosine analog anti-metabolite
Term
2-chlorodeoxyadenosine
Definition
adenosine analog anti-metabolite
Term
2-chlorodeoxyadenosine
Definition
adenosine analog anti-metabolite
Term
6-thioguanine
Definition
guanine analog anti-metabolite
Term
taxanes
Definition
bind to tubulin to stabilize the spindle
Term
vincristine
Definition
vinca alkaloid; toxicity = neuropathy
Term
vinblastine, vinrelobine
Definition
vinca alkaloid; toxicity = myelosuppression
Term
Ibritumomab-Tiuxetan
Definition
radioimmunotherapy that is anti-CD
Term
Denileukin Diftitox
Definition
IL-2 + diphtheria toxin
Term
ATRA
Definition
all trans retinoic acid for APL
Term
Dasatinib
Definition
anti BCR-ABL
Term
Nilotinib
Definition
anti-BCR-ABL
Term
Omacetaxine
Definition
inhibitor of protein elongation (CML)
Term
leuprolide
Definition
GnRH superagonist
Term
abarelix
Definition
GnRH rceptor antagonist
Term
testosterone propionate
Definition
depot testosterone
Term
methyltestosterone
Definition
oral androgen
Term
stanozolol
Definition
synthetic androgen w/ anabolic properties
Term
flutamide
Definition
androgen recptor antagonist
Term
cyproterone
Definition
androgen receptor antagonists
Term
finasteride
Definition
5alpha reductase inhibitor
Term
dutasteride
Definition
5alpha reductase inhibitor
Term
gossypol
Definition
anti-spermatogenesis
Term
menotropin
Definition
LH + FSH
Term
estradiol benzoate
Definition
depot estrogen
Term
ethinyl estradiol
Definition
oral estrogen
Term
premarin
Definition
horse estrogens
Term
diethylstilbesterol
Definition
estrogen causing vaginal cancer
Term
danazole
Definition
androgens that bind to progestin receptors
Term
medroxyprogesterone
Definition
oral progesterone
Term
norethindrone
Definition
oral synthetic progestin receptor agonist
Term
levonorgestrol
Definition
synthetic progestin
Term
anastrozole
Definition
aromatase inhibitor
Term
tamoxifen
Definition
SERM
Term
fulvestrant
Definition
estrogen antagonist
Term
clomiphene
Definition
SERM blocking feedback of estrogen
Term
mifepristone
Definition
progestin antagonist; glucocorticoid receptor antagonist
Term
raloxifene
Definition
SERM for osteoporosis
Term
bisposphonates
Definition
integrate into bone, inhibit osteoclasts
Term
denosumab
Definition
anti-RANKL antiody
Term
teriparatide
Definition
parathyroid hormone
Term
methimazole
Definition
inhibit thyroid peroxidase
Term
Propylthiouracil
Definition
inhibits thyroid peroxidase, inhibits T4-->T3
Term
Propranolol
Definition
beta adrenergic receptor blocker
Term
KI/NaI
Definition
inhibit thyroid hormone release; antagonize TSH, inhibit thyroid peroxidase
Term
metyrapone
Definition
11-hydroxylase inhibitor
Term
ketaconazole
Definition
inhibit steroid synthesis
Term
NPH insulin
Definition
insulin given with protamine, medium duration
Term
lispro insulin
Definition
modifications of insulin to prevent dimerization --> quick acting
Term
aspart insulin
Definition
modification in insulin --> less dimerization --> fast acting
Term
glargine insulin
Definition
form microprecipitates of insulin, so longer acting
Term
detemir insulin
Definition
form precipitates of insulin, so longer lasting
Term
sulfonylurea
Definition
closes Katp channels, leading to insulin release
Term
meglitinides
Definition
closes Katp channels, leading to insulin release
Term
GLP-1 analogs
Definition
increases glucose-dependent release of insulin, increased weight loss / satiety
Term
dipeptidylpeptidase inhibitors
Definition
inhibits enzyme that breaks down GLP-1
Term
thiazolidinediones
Definition
increases insulin sensitivity in muscle and adipose by binding to PPARgamma
Term
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
Definition
prevents breakdown of sugars, so prevents absorption
Term
amylin analogs
Definition
affects satiety, post prandial glucose concentrations
Term
biguanides (metformin)
Definition
decrease glucose production by liver, increase utilization
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