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Definition
| a change in allele frequencies in a population over generations. |
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Definition
| differences among individuals in the composition of their genes or other DNA segments. |
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Definition
| average percentage of loci that are heterozygous |
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Definition
| differences in the genetic composition of separate populations. |
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Definition
| a graded change in a character along a geographic axis. |
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Definition
| group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbred, producing fertile offspring. |
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Definition
| consists of all copies of every type of allele at every locus in all members of the population. |
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Definition
| states that the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain constant from generation to generation. |
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Term
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Definition
| chance events can also cause alleles frequencies to fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next, especially in small populations. |
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Term
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Definition
| when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population, the smaller group may establish a new population whose gene pool differs from the source population. |
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Definition
| a severe drop in population size. |
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Definition
| transfer of alleles into or out of a population due to the movement of fertile individuals or their gametes. |
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Definition
| the contributions an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation relative o the contributions of other individuals. |
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Definition
| occurs when conditions favor individuals exhibiting one extreme of a phenotypic range, thereby shifting a populations frequency curve for the phenotypic character in one direction or the other. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when conditions favor individuals at both extremes of a phenotypic range over individuals with intermediate phenotypes. |
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Definition
| acts against both extreme phenotypes and favors intermediate variants. |
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Definition
| a form of selection in which individuals with a certain inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates. |
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Term
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Definition
| a difference between the two sexes into secondary sexual characteristics. |
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Definition
| selection within the same sex. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| different in DNA sequence that do not confer a selective advantage or disadvantage. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when natural selection maintains two or more forms of a population. |
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Term
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Definition
| if individuals who are heterozygous at a particular locus have greater fitness than do both kinds of homozygotes. |
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Term
| Frequency Dependent Selection |
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Definition
| the fitness of a phenotype depends on how common it is in a population. |
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Term
1: the fossil record
2: Biogeography
3: Comparative morphology
4: Comparative embryology
5: Biochemistry
6: Direct observations |
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Definition
| six evidences of evolution |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which one species splits into one or two more species. |
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Definition
| the broad patter of evolution above the species level. |
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Term
| Biological Species Concept |
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Definition
| primary definition of species. |
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Definition
| existence of biological factors that impede members of 2 species from interbreeding. |
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Definition
| offspring that result from an interspecific mating. |
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Definition
| may contribute to reproductive isolation after the hybrid zygote is formed. |
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Definition
| block fertalization from occuring. |
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Term
| Morphological species concept |
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Definition
| characterizes a species by body, shape, and other structural features. |
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Term
| Ecological species concept |
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Definition
| views a species in terms of its ecological niche, the sum of how members of the species interact with non living and living parts of their environment. |
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Term
| Phylogenetic species concept |
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Definition
| defines a species as the smallest group of individuals that share a common ancestor, forming one branch on the tree of life. |
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Definition
| gene flow is interrupted when a population is divided into geographically isolated subpopulations |
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Definition
| speciation occurs in populations that live in the same geographic area. |
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Term
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Definition
| species originate from an accident during cell division that results in extra sets of chromosomes. |
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Definition
| individual that has more than two chromosome sets that are all derived from a single species. |
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Definition
| various mechanisms can change a sterile hybrid into fertile polyploid. |
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Term
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Definition
| region which members of different species meet and mate, producing at least some offspring of mixed ancestory. |
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Definition
| reinforcing reproductive barriers. |
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Definition
| to describe periats of apparent stasis punctuated by sudden change. |
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Definition
| two parts to describe scientific names |
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Definition
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Definition
| species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom. |
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Definition
| is the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversed from earlier forms. |
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Definition
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Definition
| average percentage of loci that are heterozygous EX. fruit fly |
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Definition
| new layers of sediment cover older ones and compress them into superimposed layers of rocks. |
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Definition
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Definition
| principle that events in the past occurred suddenly and caused by mechanisms different from those operating in the present. |
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Definition
| stated that mechanisms of change are constant over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| humans have modified other species over many generations by selecting and breeding individuals that possess desired traits. |
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Term
| Archea, Bacteria, and Eukarya |
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Definition
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