Term
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Definition
| Information that is stored and can be retrieved |
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Term
| Information Processing System |
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Definition
| Encoding, storage, retrieval |
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Term
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Definition
| Memories emerge from interconnected neural networks |
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Term
| The researchers responsible for the 3 stages of memory |
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Definition
| R. Atkinson & R. Shiffrin |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory memory, short term memory, long term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Defined the forgetting curve and the spacing effect |
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Term
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Definition
| The availability of remembering depends on the time spent learning; forget info soon after learning |
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Term
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Definition
| Information is better retained when studying is spaced out; distributed study time |
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Term
| What are the types of encoding |
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Definition
| Visual, acoustic, and semantic |
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Term
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Definition
| Very brief but detailed memory; Iconic and echoic memory |
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Term
| What is the working / short term memory |
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Definition
| A memory area limited in capacity and duration. If info is not encoded, it is forgotten |
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Term
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Definition
| A area of memory that is virtually limitless in capacity and duration |
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Term
| Explicit declarative memories include |
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Definition
| Episodic life events and semantic words and ideas |
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Term
| Implicit/non-declarative memory includes |
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Definition
| Procedural skills and emotional conditioning |
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Term
| What is long-term potentiation |
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Definition
| The strengthening of potential neural firing |
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Term
| Drugs boost what neurotransmitters and protein in order to increase memory efficiency |
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Definition
| The neurotransmitter glutamate and the protein CREB |
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Term
| Alzheimer's disease can be caused by what |
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Definition
| Beta-amyloid plaques and Neurofibrillary tangles |
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Term
| What effect does the strength of an emotion have on a memory |
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Definition
| A stronger memory provides a more reliable memory than a weaker emotion |
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Term
| What is a flashbulb memory |
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Definition
| A snapshot of a specific, significant, emotionally taxing event that is recalled with precise detail |
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Term
| Where are implicit memories formed |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are explicit memories formed |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process of retrieval |
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Definition
| The ability to recall information not in conscious awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| A hint to use to access information when you want to retrieve it at another time |
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Term
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Definition
| The identification of correct information from several choices |
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Term
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Definition
| Retrieval of information without any clues |
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Term
| What is a TOT tip of the tongue moment |
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Definition
| The inability to recall a long term memory; a retrieval cue failure |
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Term
| State dependent memories rely on what effect |
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Definition
| The contextual effect: putting yourself in the context of the experience helps you retrieve the memory |
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Term
| What are the types of retrieval failures |
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Definition
Proactive- learned info disrupts experiences later
Retroactive- new info makes harder to recall earlier memories |
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Term
| What is imagination inflation |
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Definition
| The act of retelling a memory that increases in vividness and exaggeration each time it is told/expressed |
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Term
| What is confirmation bias |
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Definition
| The tendency to search for information that supports a certain bias and ignore contradictory evidence |
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