Term
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Definition
| bacteria that require the presence of molecular oxygen (O2)for growth |
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria that grow only in the absence of molecular oxygen (O2) |
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Term
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Definition
| living (ex; animals & humans) |
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Term
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Definition
| a protein molecule that specifically recognizes and binds to an antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| a natural substance used to inhibit or kill bacteria (i.e. penicillin) |
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Term
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Definition
| a foreign substance recognized by the immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance which inhibits or kills microorganisms (natural or synthetic, also known as an antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agent) |
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Term
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Definition
| process of destroying microorganisms on living tissue (doesn't imply destroying all microorganisms) |
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Term
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Definition
| small creature with a hard outer body and jointed appendages (ex: ticks, mosquitoes, lice, mites, fleas, flies, bugs) |
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Term
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Definition
| an insect-like creature that is a transmitter and reservoir of disease from one host to another (i.e. ticks, fleas, mosquitoes) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a process of sterilization using moist heat (steam) under pressure |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a person who has no symptoms of a communicable disease but harbors a pathogen and is capable of transmitting the disease to others |
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Term
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Definition
| when physicians are required by law to report certain diseases to the health department |
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Term
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Definition
| prevention of disease by the use of drugs or chemicals,i.e. rifampin for meningococcal meningitis |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment of people with chemicals |
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Term
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Definition
| a disease whose agent is directly or indirectly transmitted from host to host (contagious) |
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Term
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Definition
| (suffix) kills organisms i.e. bactericidal kills bacteria (virucidal kills viruses) |
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Term
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Definition
| infection by immediate contact (ex: touching, breathing in a pathogen) |
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Term
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Definition
| process of destroying microorganisms on inanimate objects (doesn't imply destroying all microorganisms) |
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Term
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Definition
| antimicrobial treatment on the basis of experience, not as a result of susceptibility resting |
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Term
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Definition
| when an unusually large number of people develop a disease in a short period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| the science that deals with the incidence, distribution and control of a disease or population |
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Term
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Definition
| when a disease is constantly present in the community and the number of cases stays fairly constant |
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Term
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Definition
| organism causing the disease comes from the person's normal flora |
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Term
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Definition
| organism causing the disease comes from outside the body |
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria that grow with or without the presence of molecular oxygen (O2) |
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Term
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Definition
| term that describes bacteria that require special nutrients for growth |
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Term
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Definition
| inanimate object which can transmit an infection |
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Term
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Definition
| the time required for one complete cell division or the time it takes for the bacteria population to double |
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Term
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Definition
| a change in genetic material |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| serums that contain antibodies or antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| host whose resistance to disease is lowered |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of resistance to disease |
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Term
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Definition
| using immune serum to prevent a disease, i.e. toxoid vaccine to prevent Tetanus |
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Term
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Definition
| using immune serums to treat a disease, i.e. botulism (antibody to exotoxin) or snake bite (antivenom is antibody) |
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Term
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Definition
| nonliving (ex: soil, water, or food) |
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Term
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Definition
| apparatus used to provide suitable atmospheric and temperature conditions to grow bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| infection with a pathogen through a fomite, i.e. doorknob, instruments, bed pan |
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Term
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Definition
| limitation of social contact of patients with a communicable disease |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of techniques designed to exclude all pathogenic organisms, but not necessarily all other microorganisms |
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria that grow best at a temperature between 20 and 40 degrees C |
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria that grow in decreased amounts of molecular oxygen (O2) |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of microorganisms usually structured as one cell and whose study requires the use of a microscope |
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Term
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Definition
| a culture of more than one kind of microorganism |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of Myocobacteria, acid fast organisms (AFB) |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of fungi, including yeasts and molds |
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Term
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Definition
| the microorganisms normally found living on various parts of a healthy individual |
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Term
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Definition
| infection acquired at a hospital or medical facility |
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Term
| obligate intracellular parasite |
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Definition
| a microorganism which can only grow inside a living cell (depends on a host cell or organism for replication) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| study of parasitic protozoa, helminths, and arthropods |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the delivery of any agent through the skin (ex: injection, bite of an animal) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria that grow best at temperature less than 20 degrees C |
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Term
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Definition
| capable of generating pus. (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and bowel bacteria are the primary pyogenic organisms.) |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance or agent that tends to cause a rise in body temperature (fever) (such as bacterial endotoxins) |
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Term
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Definition
| a culture containing only one kind of microorganism (same genus and species) |
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Term
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Definition
| limiting the freedom of movement of people or animals that have been exposed to a disease or who might transmit a disease |
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Term
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Definition
| a medium which provides a pathogen with adequate conditions for survival and opportunity for transmission to a new host |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanically removing bacteria from surfaces |
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Term
| sensitivity/ susceptibility testing |
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Definition
| testing an organism from a patient against an antibiotic to see how well the antibiotic acts against the organism in vitro |
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Term
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Definition
| when a disease occurs occasionally or in scattered instances in a community |
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Term
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Definition
| (suffix) stops or inhibits the growth of organisms, i.e. bacteristatic stops the growth of bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| a process that destroys all living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| a new infection caused by organisms different from that which caused the original infection |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of techniques designed to exclude all microorganisms |
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Term
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Definition
| the harmonious action of two agents producing an effect neither could produce alone or an effect that is greater than the effects of each agent operating by itself |
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Term
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Definition
| classification of organisms according to common characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an organism which lives off living, organic matter and derives support at the expense of its host (usually harmful) |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanically removing bacteria from surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria that grow best at temperatures greater than 40 degrees C |
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Term
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Definition
| having or seeming to have the ability to exit everywhere; omnipresent |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an organism's degree of pathogenicity or ability to produce disease, the more virulent an organism is the more pathogenic it is |
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Term
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Definition
| infection acquired from an animal or animal vector |
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