Term
| The hydrogen in water have a ______ charge. |
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Definition
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Term
| The oxygen in water has a _____ charge. |
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Definition
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Term
| water molecules are connected by a ________ bond. |
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Definition
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Term
| Water is polar or nonpolar |
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Definition
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Term
| Which properties of water allows water molecules to stick together? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why doesn't water mix with oil? |
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Definition
| water is polar and oil is nonpolar (polar and nonpolar substances do not mix together) |
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Term
| The heat capacity of water is high or low? What does this mean? |
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Definition
| high; it takes a lot of energy to change the temperature of water |
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Term
| Why does sand heat up faster than water on a sunny day? |
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Definition
| sand has a lower heat capacity than water, it takes more energy to heat up the water |
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Term
| What is a main function of carbohydrates? |
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Definition
| energy source, exoskeletons |
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Term
| Which type of carb is glucose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of carb is sucrose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of carb is starch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of carb is glycogen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of carb is cellulose? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do living things obtain energy from complex carbs? |
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Definition
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Term
Which has the most energy potential:
starch, sucrose, or glucose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a function of lipids? |
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Definition
| energy storage, outer protectant, sends chemical signals, insulates/protects organs |
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Term
| Lipids are polar or nonpolar? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does hydrophobic mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 3 examples of lipids? |
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Definition
| fats, oils, phospholipids, waxes, steroids |
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Term
| Which stores more energy: carbs or lipids? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a specific function of proteins. |
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Definition
| Makes up hair/nails and muscle, speeds up chemical reactions(enzymes), long term energy storage |
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Term
| What are the monomers of proteins called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the 4 biomolecules is the most diverse? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| changing the shape of a protein's active site |
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Term
| What can cause denaturation? |
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Definition
| changes in pH or high temps |
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Term
| Which type of biomolecule is an enzyme? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Enzymes that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required |
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Term
| Define activation energy. |
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Definition
| energy needed to get a reaction started |
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Term
| Why does your body need enzymes? |
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Definition
| to break apart molecules or put molecules together without having high activation energy |
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Term
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Definition
| place on enzyme where substrate binds |
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Term
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Definition
| the reactants in a chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Why do changes in pH or temperature affect how well an enzyme works? |
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Definition
| denaturation can occur (active site no longer works as well because the shape changes and the substrate doesn't fit as well) |
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Term
| What factors affect enzyme function? |
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Definition
| pH, temp, concentration of substrate or concentration of enzymes |
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Term
| Name a function of nucleic acids. |
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Definition
| store/transmit genetic info |
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Term
| Name 2 examples of nucleic acids. |
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Definition
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Term
| How does temperature affect enzyme activity? |
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Definition
| As temp increase, activity increases up to a point; too high of temp causes denaturation, which lowers the activity because the enzyme's active site become denatured. The substrate can no longer fit like a lock and key. |
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Term
| How does pH affect enzyme activity |
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Definition
| Each enzyme has an optimal pH, the enzyme doesn't work as well below or above that pH because the enzyme's active site becomes denatured. The substrate can no longer fit like a lock and key. |
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Term
| How does enzyme concentration affect enzyme activity? |
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Definition
| As enzyme concentration increases, the activity also increases to a max point. The max point is when there are an equal number of enzymes & substrates |
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Term
| How does substrate concentration affect enzyme activity? |
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Definition
| Increasing the amount of substrate will increase the enzyme activity to a max point. The max point is when there are an equal number of enzymes & substrates |
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Term
| Be able to draw 2 water molecules interacting with each other. Label + and - ends and the bond between them. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the tenancy of water molecules to stick together because of their polarity |
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Term
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Definition
| water molecules stick to other materials that are also polar |
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Term
| Acids have a pH (less than, more than, or equal to) 7. |
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Definition
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Term
| Bases have a pH (less than, more than, or equal to) 7. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pH of pure water? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a liquid that a solute is dissolved into |
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Term
| Define solute and give an example. |
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Definition
| the substance that is being dissolved (ex: sugar or salt dissolves into water) |
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