Term
| What are the types of urinary disorders? |
|
Definition
- UTI
- Inflammatory
- Urinary Tract Obstructions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pyo-pus nephros-kidney itis- inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cyst - bladder
Itis - inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ureth-urethra itis-inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the prostate |
|
|
Term
| What do urinary antiseptics/anti-infectives do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a urinary analgesic? |
|
Definition
| Relieves the pain.burning associated with infections of the urinary tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal increase in number of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. coli, staph, klebsiella, pseudomonas |
|
|
Term
| Who is more at risk for a lower UTI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of a lower UTI? |
|
Definition
| pain and burning on urination, frequency, urgency |
|
|
Term
| What labs are drawn for a lower UTI? |
|
Definition
| urinalysis and a culture and sensitivity (C&S) prior to treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Males most likely: prostatitis
Same symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes an upper UTI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of an upper UTI? |
|
Definition
Chills
fever,
flank pain,
painful urination
frequency,
Urgency
Pyuria |
|
|
Term
| What are the labs drawn with an upper UTI? |
|
Definition
| Urinalysis with a bacterial count greater than 100,000 bacteria/ml |
|
|
Term
| Who is more likely to get an upper UTI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who is at greatest risk for a UTI? |
|
Definition
1.) Females
2.) People with indwelling catheters |
|
|
Term
| What are the reasons indwelling catheters cause UTIS? |
|
Definition
1.) Failing to maintain a closed drainage system (Wong, 2005)
2.) The catheter irritates the mucosal lining of the urethra and creates a portal of entry for microbes.
3.) The urine collection bag is a reservoir for microbes. |
|
|
Term
| What pH of urine decreases your chances for a UTI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the major groups of urinary antiseptics and invectives? |
|
Definition
Bacteriostatic and tidal drugs like:
Nitrofurantoin (macrodantin)
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) (Bactrim,Septra)
Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxin (cipro) |
|
|
Term
| What is nitrofurantoin used to treat? |
|
Definition
| Treats especially E.Coli infections. |
|
|
Term
| When is nitrofurantoin/macrodantin absorbed best? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of nitrofurantoin/macrodantin? |
|
Definition
GI distress, dizziness, HA, drowsiness
Rust/brown urine
Rash, pruritus |
|
|
Term
| What are the adverse reactions of nitrofurantoin/macrodantin? |
|
Definition
If sudden-dyspnea, chest pain, cough, fever, chills-contact health care provider!
Super infection, peripheral neuropathy, hepatotoxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, blood dyscrasias |
|
|
Term
| What are the nursing interventions with nitrofurantoin/macrodantin? |
|
Definition
Take with food to decrease GI distress
Avoid antacids
Do not crush or open capsules
Shake liquid suspension well
Rinse mouth after taking drug
Do not drive or operate dangerous equipment
Increase fluid intake, cranberry juice, plums, proteins, prunes, vitamin C |
|
|
Term
| What is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole used to treat? |
|
Definition
Used alone or in combination
Combination used to prevent trimethoprim resistant organisms
Treatment of acute and chronic UTI’s (broad spectrum) used for other infections too! |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of TSZ? |
|
Definition
| GI symptoms (N & V) and skin problems (rash and pruritis); Stephens-Johnson syndrome. |
|
|
Term
| What are the fluoroquinolones? |
|
Definition
| Nalidixic acid (NegGram), norfloxacin (Noroxin), ciprofloxacin (Cipro), ofloxacin, lomefloxacin |
|
|
Term
| What are fluoroquinolones used to treaT? |
|
Definition
| effective against wide variety of UTI’s |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of fluoroquinolones? |
|
Definition
| : GI disturbances; insomnia |
|
|
Term
| What teaching should be included with fluoroquinolones? |
|
Definition
Drink water
Interacts with Theophylline, Digoxin and anticoagulants causing toxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relieves pain burning sensation frequency and urgency associated with a UTI |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of phenazopyridiine? |
|
Definition
GI upset
TURNS THE URINE Red-orange
Can alter a urine glucose test
Long term use can cause: Nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HAS A CHOLINERGIC EFFECT.
Used for urinary retention (post op) OR neurogenic atony of bladder |
|
|
Term
| What is the action of bethanechol? |
|
Definition
Increases bladder tone
Stimulates-micturition (urination) |
|
|
Term
| Who should NOT use bethanechol? |
|
Definition
| People who have Peptic ulcers |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of bethanechol? |
|
Definition
Green urine color,
bradycardia, hypotension, excessive salivation, GI distress, dizziness, fainting, bronchial spasms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTICHOLINERGIC/ADRENERGIC DRUG
Direct action on smooth muscles to relieve spasms which inhibits bladder contraction |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of oxybutynin? |
|
Definition
| Drowsiness, tachycardia, dizziness, fainting, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation |
|
|
Term
| Who should you cautiously use oxybutynin in? |
|
Definition
| Avoid in narrow-angle glaucoma, cardiac, renal, hepatic, prostate problems |
|
|
Term
| What is tolterodine tartrate? |
|
Definition
| Control overactive bladder (anticholinergic effects) |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of tolterodine tartrate? |
|
Definition
| Drowsiness, tachycardia, dizziness, fainting, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation |
|
|
Term
| Who should cautiously use t.t.? |
|
Definition
| Avoid if client has narrow-angle glaucoma, cardiac, renal, hepatic, prostate problems |
|
|
Term
| What is benign prostate hyperplasia? |
|
Definition
| Abnormal increase in number of cells in prostate gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prostate-Specific antigen (PSA) blood test to test for cancerous cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Previously: only treatment=surgery
Now: Finasteride (Proscar) or Duastride (Avadart) |
|
|
Term
| How does Finasteride/Duastride treat BPH? |
|
Definition
| Shrinks the prostate gland- may take 6 months to shrink prostate |
|
|
Term
| What is another non medication treatment for BPH? |
|
Definition
| Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Bladder irrigation |
|
|
Term
| What are the drugs used to treat BPH? |
|
Definition
5-alpha reductase inhibitors
Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5-alpha reductase inhibitors? |
|
Definition
Finasteride (Proscar)
Dutasteride (Avodart, Duagen) |
|
|
Term
| What are the aa blocking agents? |
|
Definition
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Doxazosin (Cardura)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Alfuzosin (Uroxatrel) |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects for both drugs used to treat BPH? |
|
Definition
| decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, hypotension, postural hypotension, fatigue and dizziness |
|
|
