Term
| What is the normal pH of the blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the key players of acid/base balance? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| substance which can absorb / donate ions and mitigate but not prevent changes in pH. |
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Term
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Definition
| not a perfect process. If we were to correct an acid/base disturbance it would be removing the stimulus to do so. |
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Term
| What is respiratory acidosis? |
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Definition
Elevation of CO2 above normal with a drop in extracellular pH.
This is a disorder of ventilation. |
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Term
| What are the 5 main categories of respiratory acidosis? |
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Definition
CNS depression
Pleural disease
Lung diseases such as COPD and ARDS
Musculoskeletal disorders |
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Term
| What is respiratory alkalosis? |
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Definition
Initiated by a fall in the CO2
activate processes which lower HCO3. |
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Term
| What is respiratory alkalosis associated with? |
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Definition
| mild hypokalemia. Cl is retained to offset the loss of HCO3 negative charge. |
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Term
| What are the causes of respiratory alkalosis? |
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Definition
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Drug use : salicylates and progesterone
Decreased lung compliance Anxiety
Liver cirrhosis
Sepsis |
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Term
| What is metabolic acidosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is metabolic alkalosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the causes of metabolic alkalosis? |
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Definition
Vomiting: net loss of H+ and gain of HCO3.
Diuretics: ECFV depletion
Chronic diarrhea: ECFV depletion
Profound hypokalemia
Renal failure: if we cannot filter HCO3 we cannot excrete it. |
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Term
| How is metabolic alkalosis compensated for? |
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Definition
| The compensation will be to depress the respiratory drive and return the ratio towards normal by a rising PCO2. |
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Term
| How is respiratory alkalosis compensated? |
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Definition
| Acute response is independent of renal HCO3 wasting. The chronic compensation is governed by renal HCO3 wasting. |
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Term
| What is partial compensation? |
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Definition
pH is still out of normal range but moving toward normal
depending on which you have, PCO2 or HCO3 are still out of the normal range
the compensation has not begun
SO PH IS WRONG
AND 1 VALUE IS WRONG |
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Term
| What is full compensation? |
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Definition
pH is finally within range
BOTH HCO3 and PCO2 are out of range |
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