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Unit 1
Unit 1
33
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/28/2011

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Term
Scientific Model 
Definition
A simplified representation of a more complex object or process which helps scientists understand the real object.
Term
Atom
Definition
The tiny building block of all matter
Term
Electrons
Definition
Negitively charged particles
Term
Cathode Ray Tube
Definition
A vacuum tube that Thomson used to discover electrons.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
Control center of everything
Term
Proton 
Definition
Positive charged particle
Term

Gold Foil Experiment

 

Definition
Was an experiment that redifined the visual of an atom
Term
Energy Level 
Definition
Orbitals
Term
Emission Spectrum
Definition
Tube that helps you understand to see the light according to Bohr's model of the atom
Term
Atomic Number
Definition
Number of protons in an atom.
Term
Average Atomic Mass
Definition
The average mass of the element or atom
Term
Mass Number
Definition
The mass of an atom in it's own measuring system (AMU)
Term
Isotope 
Definition
Different forms of an element that have a different number of neutrons
Term
Radiation
Definition
An object releases energy which travels through space then gets absorbed by another object
Term
Ionizing Radiation
Definition
Made of matter and has particles
Term
Electromagnetic 
Definition
Energy wavelength and is not made of matter
Term
Alpha Particles
Definition
A part of Ionizing radiation is positive. (a form -He 4/2)
Term
Beta Particles
Definition
Ionizing radiation negative (B form -B 0/-1)
Term
Gamma Ray
Definition
Wavelengths does nothing to nucleus. (Y form -Y 0/0)
Term
Half life
Definition
Amount of time it takes for 50% of the atoms in a sample
Term
Fission
Definition
Breaking apart of a nucleus
Term
Chain Reaction
Definition
A domino effect one thing happens than another ect.
Term
Enriched Uranium
Definition
Excess 235 Uranium more than usual
Term
Critical Mass
Definition
The minimum amout of mass needed for the chemical reaction to start
Term
Nuclear Reactor
Definition
A chain reaction that is controlled
Term
Control Rods
Definition
A way to control nuclear chain reactions that absorbs neutrons 
Term
Moderator 
Definition
A wau to control nuclear chain reactions by absorbing extra heat and hot energy
Term
John Dalton 
Definition
Created the first scientific atomic theory 
Term
JJ Thompson
Definition
Used the Cathod Ray Tube that helped him discover electrons 
Term
Ernest Rutherford
Definition
Gold Foil Experiment, and discovered protons and a positive nucleus 
Term
Neils Bohr
Definition
Discovered the nucleus and fixed Rutherfords model of the atom
Term
Gold Foil Experiment
Definition
Shot alpha particles into a nucleus and the particles repelled. Thus concluding that the nucleus was positive
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