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| Everyone has rights that are god-given such as life, liberty and property. (Locke's philosophy) |
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| An English theirist built on conventional notions abou the role of government and the relationship of the government and the Social Contract Theory. |
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Definition
Political resources are so scattered that no single elite has a monopoly
Too many institutions with power that no elite can control them.
Groups must compete with each other for control over policy. |
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| Pluralism gone sour: so many strong groups that the government has become gridlocked and cannot act. |
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| The economic elite hold majority of the power within the government. |
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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| Statement adopted by the continental congress on July 4th, 1776. Declared independence from Great Britain. |
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Term
| Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
An agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution.
Weaknesses:
No Power to tax
No chief executive
No national judiciary
No power to regulate commerce
No national currency |
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Definition
| Led to the the first constitutional convention, because of the lack of a strong central government. |
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| Power coming from the people. Majority rules. |
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| Demanded by Anti-Federalists who opposed ratification of the constitution. The first 10 amendments of the constitution that guarantee personal freedoms, such as life, liberty, and protection of property. |
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Definition
| Favored a strong central government. |
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| Wanted powers to be stronger in the states. Din't favor a strong central government. |
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Definition
| Wanted representation based on population. |
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Definition
| Wanted equal representation in all states. |
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| Connecticut/Great Compromise |
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Definition
| Created a bicameral legislation. (House and Senate) |
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Term
| Auxiliary Precautions/ Judicial Review |
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Definition
| Dealt with checks and balances. Also allowed for judicial review to declare laws either constitutional or unconstitutional. |
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Definition
| Government can only intervene in civil liberty cases. |
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Definition
| Ways of the 3 branches of government (Legislative, Executive, and Judicial) to balance power by having the ability to check other branches. |
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| A constitutional government. |
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| Believed the founding fathers were motivated more by economics than philosophical principles. |
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| First attempted meeting to be held to change the Articles of Confederation. Nobody attended. |
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| 3/5 of the enumerated slave population would count for representation. This includes taxation and the appointment of members of the House of Representatives. |
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| Delegates who ACTUALLY elect the president. Normally based on popular vote. |
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| a series of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution. |
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Definition
| Expressed the importance of checks and balances within the government. And also discussed special interest groups. |
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Definition
| Established judicial review. (ability for the supreme court to declare laws unconstitutional) |
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| Really enforced the necessary and proper clause. Article 1 Sec 8 Clause 18. Because they had the enumerated rights to coin money, and regulate interstate and foreign commerce, it was NECESSARY AND PROPER to create a national bank to do so. |
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Definition
| Federal government had the right to regulate interstate commerce. |
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| Congress overextended powers by trhing to link gun control laws to interstate commerce clause of the constitution. |
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Definition
| Struck down Religious Freedom Restoration Act because it interfered with state regulation of religion for public welfare. |
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Definition
| system of government that states agree to join together under a central government, to which the states grant certain powers. |
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Definition
| A system of government in which is state ran, but has a higher form of government that it follows. (Scotland and Wales are both independent, but are also ruled by English monarchy) |
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Definition
| the distribution of power in a government between a central authority and the constituent units |
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Term
| Dual, Cooperative, and New Federalism |
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Definition
Dual (layer cake): Where the central and state governments act on their own, but the state government doesn't interfere with the central government.
Cooperative: national, state, and local governments working together.
New Federalism: Giving power back to the states. (Devolution Revolution) |
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