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| the age-related physical, intellectual,social and personal changes that occue throughtout an individuals lifetime |
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| the period in prenatal development from conception to implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus. |
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| the period of prenatal development. implaataion to 8th week |
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| the period of prenatal development lasting 9th to birth |
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| enivornment agents,drugs, that can damamge the baby |
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| a person reaches sexual maturity and capapble to produce offspring |
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| a women menstual period stops |
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| a research design in which the same ppeople are studied or tested repeatedly over time. |
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| a research desing in which the people od different ages are comparedat the same time. |
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| the decline in responsiveness to a stimulus that is repeatedly present |
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| mental modols of the would that we use to guide and interpret out experiences |
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| the process through which we fit or assimilate new experiences into existing schmeta |
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| the process thorught with we change or modify existing schemate to accomadate new experiences. |
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| piagets first stage of cognitive develpoment. lasting from nirth to 2 years. schemata revolves aroung ensory and motor abilities. |
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| the ablitilty to recognize that objects still exist when they're no longer in sight |
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| 2-7 years. children begin to think symbolically but lack the ablitiy to perfrom mental operations |
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| the ability to recongize that the physical properties properties of an object remain the same despite superfical changes in the objects permanence |
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| the tendency to see the world from ones own unique perspective only a characterictic of thinking in the preoperational period of development |
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| concrete operational period |
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| 7-11. children acquire the capacity to perform a nuber of mental operations but still lack the ablitly for abstract reasoning |
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| formal operational period |
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| last stage. becoming adult-like. |
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| the ablityl to distinguish between appropiate and inapproapiate. |
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| strong emotional tiesformed to one or more intimate companions |
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| a childs general level of emotional reactivity. |
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| used to classify children according to type of attachment-secure,resistant,etc. |
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| a sense of who one is as an individual and how well one measures up against peers. |
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| specific patterns of behavior that are consistent with how society dictates makes and females should act. |
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| prejudice against an individual ased on physical age. |
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| educated guess aboutbhow one variable will influence another variable |
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| observing behavior in the enivornmet in which the behavior typicaly occurs |
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| in depth observation on one person |
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| how well a researchers findings apply to other individuals and situations |
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| relationship between variabes |
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| variable goes up and another goes up from left to right |
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| relationship in which one variable increase and the other variable decreases from left to right. |
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| a research method that is used to test casusal hypothesis |
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| the variable in an experiment is manipulated |
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| an experiment that measures any effect of the manipultion |
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| anay factor that manipulates the deoendent variable |
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| when people have an equal chance of being selected to participate in a study |
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| the entire universe of animals or people that could be studied |
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| the portion of the population of interest that is selected for a study |
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| participates have an equal chance of being placed in any condition of the study |
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| a research study that is not a true experiment because participants are not randomly assignment to the conditons of the study |
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| a committee that reviews research proposals to ensure that ethical standards have been met |
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| research participants agree to participate after being told about aspects of the study |
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| researches do not reveal which data were collected from which participant |
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| the mental system for recieving encoding, storing, organizing |
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| converting information into a form in which it will be retained in memory |
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| converting information into a form in which it will be retained in memory |
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| holding information in memory for later use |
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| recovering information from torage in memory |
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| the 1st stage of memory, holds exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less |
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| a mental image or visual a representation |
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| a brief continuation of sensory activity in the auditory system after a sound is heard |
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| the memory system used to hold small amountsof information for relativity brief time periods |
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| used for thinking and problem solving |
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| used for relavity permanent storage of meaningful information |
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| units of info such as numbers letters words or phrase |
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| info bits grouped into larger units |
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| reorganizing or modifying info to assist storage in memory |
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| silently repeating or mentally reviewing information to hold it stm |
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| that links new info with existing memories and knowledge |
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| reorganing or updating memories on the basis of logic, reasoning, or the additon of new info. |
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| use of various cues and strategies to improve the memory of eyewitnesses |
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| a model of memory that views it asan organized system of inked information |
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| memories that are reconstructed of expanded by starting with one memory and then following chains of associstion to other related memories |
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| long-term memories of conditioned responses and learned skills |
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| the part ltm containing specific factual info |
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| a subpart of declarative memory that records personal experiences that are linked with specific times and places |
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| the feeling that a memory is avaliable but not quite retrivable |
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| a feeling that allows people to predict beforehand whether they will be abe to remember something |
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| any task designed to test or assess memory |
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| to supply or reproduce memorized information with a minimum of external cues |
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| the tendency to make the most errors in remembering the middle items of an ordered list |
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| an ability to correctly identify previously learned information |
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| learning again something that was preciously learned. used to measure memory of prior learning |
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| memory that a person is aware of having |
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| a person does not know exists. |
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| faciliating the retrieval of an implicit memory by using use to activate hidden memories |
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| mental images or visual depictions used in memory and thinking |
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| the ability to retain a projected mental image long enough to use it as a source of information |
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| a graph that shows the amount of memorized information remembered after varying lengths of time |
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| failure to sotre sufficient information to form a useful memory |
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| physcial changes in nerve cells or brain activity that take place when memories are stored |
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| the fading or weakening of memories assumed to occur when memory traces become weaker |
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| theory that memory traces weaken when memories arent periodically used or retrieved |
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| memory influeneced by ones bodily state at the time of learning and at the time of retrival.improved memory occurs whe nthe bodily states match |
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| the tendency for new memories to impair retrival of older memories and the reverse |
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| the tendency for new memories to interfer with the retrival of old memories |
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| mastery of one task aids learing or performing another |
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| mastery of one task conflicts with learning or performing another |
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| unconsciously pushing unwanted memories out of awareness |
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| a concious effort to put domething out of mind or to keep it from awareness |
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| a conscious effort to put something out of mind or to keep it from awareness |
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| memories created at times of high emotion that seem especially vivid. |
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| process by which relativley permanent memories are formed in the brain |
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| an electric current passed directly through the brain,producing a convulsion |
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| a brain structure associated with emotion and the transfer of information from stm to ltm |
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| memory trace in the brain |
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| a practive schedule that alternates study periods with brief rest |
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| a practice schedule in which studing continues for long studies without interruption |
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| any kind of memory system or aid |
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| as an aid to memory,using a familiar word or image to link 2 items |
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