Term
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Definition
| Tendency to believe, after learning the outcome, that one would have forseen it "i knew it all along." - Humans tend to be over-confidenct - we think we know more than we actually do "self serving bias" |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Indentify study topic - 2. purpose / rationale / reason - 3. form hypothesis - 4. condct study - 5. analyze data - 6. communicate the findings - 7. replicate |
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Term
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Definition
| immediate "real world" implications |
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Term
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Definition
| Explores questions that are not intedned to have immediate real-world applications - conducted mainly for reasons of inquisitveness and curiosity |
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Term
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Definition
| Valid - Research measures what the research set out to measure - it is accurate - Reliability - research can be replicated with consistency - can be both, or one or the other. |
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Term
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Definition
| Things that can vary among the participants in reserach (i.e. age, stress level, height, location) |
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Term
| Independent Variable (IV) |
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Definition
| Variable that is manipulated or changed to test its effects on the dependent variable |
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Definition
| the group that is receiveing or reacting to the IV (recieving treatment) |
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Term
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Definition
| group that is not subjected to change in the IV (placebo) |
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Term
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Definition
| Variable that is measured to see how it is changed by manipulatins in the IV - in other words a change in the IV, change in the DV |
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Term
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Definition
| Individuals on which the research will be conducted |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which the subjects are selected |
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Term
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Definition
| indicated anyone that could be selected as apart of the sample |
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Term
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Definition
| increase the likelihood that the samp;le represnets the population |
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Term
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Definition
| conducted in a highly controlled enviornment |
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Term
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Definition
| conducted out in the real world |
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Term
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Definition
| any difference between the experimental and control conditions, except for the IV, that might affect the DV - psychologists attempt to limit extranious influences |
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Term
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Definition
| each subject has an equal chance of being placed into any group |
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Term
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Definition
| subjects do not know whether they are in the control group or experimental group |
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Term
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Definition
| to avoid bias - neither the subjects nor the researcher know who is in either group (a third party keeps records) |
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Term
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Definition
| direct relationship where factors incresae and decrease together |
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Term
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Definition
| inverse relationship between facotrs |
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Term
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Definition
| measures how sttrongly two events vary togehtr - use a scator plot - posotive corr = +1 ; neg corr = -1 ; zero represnts no corr. |
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Term
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Definition
| psychologist studies beavhior in natural setting - advantages: spontatenous, realist and varied behavior - disadvantages: potential observer bias, control is sacrificed possibility of flukes |
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Term
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Definition
| go into the real world and deliberatly alter the real world |
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Term
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Definition
| Only recoridng data no altering environment |
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Term
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Definition
| intensive descripition and analyiss of single individuals or few individuals for an extended amount of time or for their whole life |
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Term
| APA Animal Research Guidelines |
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Definition
| 1. Must have a clear sci purpose - 2. must care for and house animals in a humane way - 3. must acquire animals legally - 4. muust deisgn experimental procedures that employ the lesat amount of suffering |
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Term
| APA Human Research Standards |
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Definition
| 1. Informed Consent [participants must know they are involved in research] - 2. Coercion [voluntary] - 3. Anonymity - 4. Risk [participants cannot be placed in sig mental or phys risk] - 5. Debreefing |
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Term
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Definition
| the average of all scores in the distribution |
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Term
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Definition
| score in the exactt middle of distriibuution |
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Term
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Definition
| most frequently occuring score |
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