Term
| Another name for uterine fibroids |
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Definition
| uterine leiomyoma, myoma, fibromyoma, leiofibromyoma, fibroleiomyoma, and fibroma |
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Term
| Fibroids are most common in these decades of life |
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Definition
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Term
T or F:
Most uterine fibroids are symptomatic? |
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Definition
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Term
| Conservative fibroid treatment is? |
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Definition
| since <1% malignancy rate, can safely observe if mild or no symptoms |
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Term
| Uterine fibroid treatment with medication is? |
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Definition
1. OCPs : may sometimes decrease sx
2. progestins : daily use in relatively high doses may help – trial and error
3. mifepristone (RU-486) :investigational |
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Term
| Fibroids Treatment Surgery: |
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Definition
Myomectomy to preserve fertility or uterus. Laparoscopic vs. abdominal
Hysteroscopic submucosal myomectomy if accessible and the major cause of sx
Hysterectomy the time-honored standard |
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Term
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Definition
| Myomectomy, sometimes also fibroidectomy, refers to the surgical removal of uterine leiomyomas, also known as fibroids. In contrast to a hysterectomy the uterus remains preserved and the woman retains her reproductive potential |
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Term
| Surgical pretreatment of Uterine fibroids with this medication helps to decrease their size |
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Definition
GnRH agonists extremely effective for short durations (3-6 mos), e.g. lupron depot
Sx recur and fibroids return to pretreatment size within 6 mos to a year after Rx ends
FDA labeled for 3 mos pre-op to decrease size and treat anemia
May be appropriate if perimenopausal, to avoid surgery |
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Term
(blank) is characterized by ectopic endometrial glands in myometrium.
Inaccurately referred to as ‘endometriosis of the uterus’ – the two are probably different entities |
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Definition
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Term
| What are treatments for adenomyosis? |
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Definition
No satisfactory medical Tx, although some relief with GnRH agonists, cyclic hormones, NSAIDS
Definitive treatment = hysterectomy |
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Term
| Most endometrial cancers are this type? |
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Definition
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Term
| The #1 cancer of female genital tract |
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Definition
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Term
| The #4 cancer in women, after breast, lung, and colorectal |
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Definition
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Term
| In women with postmenopausal bleeding, 10-15% will have (blank) cancer |
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Definition
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Term
Any condition assoc. with unopposed estrogen, e.g. chronic anovulation, hormone replacement without progestin
increase the risk of this cancer |
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Definition
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Term
| longterm OCP use or the Mirena IUD provide protection from this type of cancer |
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Definition
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Term
| Endometrial Cancer Dx: biopsy |
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Definition
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Term
| Endometrial Cancer Dx: CA-125 |
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Definition
| Elevated CA-125 in > 50% of patients |
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Term
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Definition
| cancer antigen 125. It is especially useful for detecting the recurrence of ovarian cancer. Its potential role for the early detection of ovarian cancer is controversial and has not yet been adopted for widespread screening efforts in asymptomatic women. The key problems in using the CA-125 test as a screening tool are its lack of sensitivity and its inability to detect early stage cancers |
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Term
| Endometrial cancer dx: ultrasound |
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Definition
U/S cannot diagnose Em CA but may be able to exclude it in PMP women
A thin uniform endometrial stripe < 4mm on U/S in patients with PMP bleeding may preclude need for Bx |
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Term
| What is the typical treatment for Endometrial cancer? |
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Definition
Most are diagnosed at stage 1 and are curable
Total abdominal hysterectomy + BSO is standard Tx |
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Term
| >90% of cervical cancer is this type |
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Definition
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Term
| The 2nd most common gynecological cancer is? |
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Definition
| Cervical cancer, #1 is endometrial |
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Term
| Major S/S of uterine disease are? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most uterine diseases are diagnosed by a combination of |
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Definition
| H&P, pap smears, endometrial biopsy and US |
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Term
| Name some functional cysts of the ovary |
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Definition
| follicular, luteal and theca lutein |
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Term
| Name some benign neoplasms of the ovary |
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Definition
| teratoma, endometrioma, serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma, fibroma, Brenner cell |
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Term
| Most common type of ovarian cyst |
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Definition
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Term
| follicular cysts may be single or multiple and are caused by (blank) stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| follicular cysts usually occur in the this population |
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Definition
| young, menstruating females |
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Term
| a normal follicle is up to 3cm, a follicle greater than 3cm is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| follicular cysts are usually lined with (blank) cells, so they are hormonally active, secreting estrogen |
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Definition
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Term
| less common but clinically more important than follicular cysts are |
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Definition
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Term
| excess bleeding into corpus luteum causes a |
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Definition
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Term
| triad of unilateral pain, +HCG and mass classically associated with ectopic pregnancy but more often is (blank) cyst in early pregnancy |
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Definition
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Term
| least common functioanl cyst |
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Definition
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Term
| this functional cyst is almost always bilateral |
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Definition
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Term
| this ovarian neoplams contains elements from all 3 germ layers |
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Definition
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Term
| slow growing at 2mm per year, this neoplasm is the most common ovarian neoplasm in prepubertal girls |
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Definition
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Term
| the more common complications from ovarian teratoma inculde |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 medical disease associated with dermoids |
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Definition
| thyrotoxicosis, carcinoid syndrome, auto-immune hemolytic anemia |
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Term
| benign cystic teratomas are also known as |
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Definition
| mature teratomas, dermoids |
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Term
| this ovarian neoplasm is defined as an area of ovarian endometriosis that has become cystic |
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Definition
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Term
| endometrioma treatment is medical or surgical? |
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Definition
| surgical, medical tx almost always fails |
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Term
| adnexal torsion usually involves the ovary alone or the tube alone or both? |
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Definition
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Term
| most common tumor associated with ovarian torsion |
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Definition
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Term
| the hallmark of this disease is persistent anovulation, leading to unopposed estrogen stimulation resulting in abnormal menstrual bleeding and increased ovarian stromal antigens causing hirsutism |
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Definition
| Polycystic Ovarian disease |
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Term
| Ovarian Disease common themes |
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Definition
often present with pain and pelvic mass or endocrine abnormality
US is most accurate way to evaluate the ovaries
Hx, PE and US cannot always differentiate btwn benign/malignant
Tx is more often surgical than medical |
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