Term
| How long can you self-treat ophthalmic disorders? |
|
Definition
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Term
| In addition to chem exp, blunt trauma, and sun/heat exposure what other exclusions exist for ophthalmic disorders |
|
Definition
eye pain
Blurred vision
Light sensitivity
Contacts
Blunt trauma
chemical exposure
heat/sun exposure |
|
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Term
| Causes of dry eye disease |
|
Definition
Aging
lid/corneal issues
Sjogren's syndrome
Thyroid eye disease
RA
Refractive surgery |
|
|
Term
| What are environmental conditions that cause dry eye disease |
|
Definition
dry air
dust
HVAC reducing humidity |
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|
Term
| What are some medications that can cause dry eyes? |
|
Definition
Antihistamine
Anticholinergic
Antidepressants |
|
|
Term
| Signs and symptoms of dry eye |
|
Definition
white mildly red eyes
sandy gritty feeling
sensation something is in the eye |
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Term
| Phenylephrine 0.12% DOA IRT to ophthalmic disorders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Naphazoline (all combinations) DOA IRT to ophthalmic disorders |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Oxymetazoline DOA IRT to ophthalmic disorders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tetrahydrozoline DOA IRT to ophthalmic disorders |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Ketotifen 0.025% DOA IRT to ophthalmic disorders |
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Definition
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Term
| We using multiple eye drop medications wait __ mins between instilling drops of different medications |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| When using eye ointment and eye drops use __________ first, and wait __ min between drop and ointment applications |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Brand names that use glycerin 0.2-0.25% as an active ingredient for dry eye treatment |
|
Definition
Visine pure tears
Eye Lube A |
|
|
Term
| Brand names that use Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 0.3% as an active ingredient for dry eye treatment |
|
Definition
Bion Tears
GenTeal
Tears Naturale |
|
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Term
| Brand names that use PVA ~1% as an active ingredient for dry eye treatment |
|
Definition
HypoTears
Refresh
Tears Plus |
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Term
| Brand names that use CMC sodium 0.5% as an active ingredient for dry eye treatment |
|
Definition
Refresh Optive
Refresh Plus
Refresh Tears |
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|
Term
| T/F Preservative free medications are recommended to prevent problems of irritation from preservatives |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment goals of dry eyes |
|
Definition
| Alleviate and control dryness of ocular surface |
|
|
Term
| How many eye drops are applied per application |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is ointment applied to the eye |
|
Definition
1/4-1/2in strip inside lower eyelid
Close eyes for 1-2min |
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Term
| Allergic conjunctivitis presentation |
|
Definition
Red eyes
Watery discharge
Itching |
|
|
Term
| Allergic conjunctivitis treatment goals |
|
Definition
1. remove or avoid allergen
2. limit or reduce rxn severity
3. Symptom relief
4. Protect ocular surface |
|
|
Term
| First line tx of Allergic conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
| Artificial tears if symptoms persist use Antihistamines/Mast cell stabilizer |
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|
Term
| Decongestants used for Allergic conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
Phenylephrine
Naphazoline
tetrahydrozoline
oxymetazoline |
|
|
Term
| T/F ophthalmic decongestants cause rebound decongestion if used for > 72h? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antihistamines/Mast Cell stabilizers used for Allergic conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
Pheniramine maleate
Antazoline phosphate
Ketoifen fumerate |
|
|
Term
| Brand names for treating used for Allergic conjunctivitis w/ naphazoline = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brand names for treating used for Allergic conjunctivitis w/ tetrahydrozoline |
|
Definition
Visine original
Visine moisturizing
Visine allergy relief |
|
|
Term
| Brand names for treating used for Allergic conjunctivitis w/ Oxymetazoline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brand names for treating used for Allergic conjunctivitis ketotifen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Halos or starbursts are chacteristic of |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The only OTC med for treating corneal edema is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sodium chloride brand names |
|
Definition
AK-NaCl 2%
AK-NaCl 5%
Muro 128 5% |
|
|
Term
| Minor eye irritation presents as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Minor eye irritation is treated by |
|
Definition
zinc sulfate (mild astringent)
Blinx, B&L eye wash (ocular irrigates) |
|
|
Term
| How should chemical burns be treated |
|
Definition
| flush with sterile saline all the way to ER |
|
|
Term
| How is contact dermatitis treated |
|
Definition
1. Remove offending agent
2. Oral AH
3. Cold compress |
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|
Term
| Exclusions for self tx of otic disorders |
|
Definition
infection
pain/discharge
bleeding/trauma
ruptured tympianic membrane
tympanostomy tubes |
|
|
Term
| T/F Children under 12yo can be treated OTC for otic disorders? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excessive/impacted cerumen is caused by: |
|
Definition
Hair
Glands
Hearing aids/ear plugs |
|
|
Term
| Presentation of Excessive/impacted cerumen |
|
Definition
pressure in ear
cognition decrease in elderly
vertigo
chronic cough
tinnitus |
|
|
Term
| T/F use cotton swabs to tx Excessive/impacted cerumen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment goals of Excessive/impacted cerumen |
|
Definition
| safely and effectively soften and remove cerumen |
|
|
Term
| The only OTC agent for Excessive/impacted cerumen |
|
Definition
| Carbamide peroxide 6.5% in anhydrous glycerin |
|
|
Term
| T/F Carbamide peroxide 6.5% acts as a weak antibiotic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carbamide peroxide 6.5% can be used for up to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brand names for Carbamide peroxide 6.5% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can pts 12yo and under be treated with Carbamide peroxide 6.5% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ears are pulled ___ and ____ for children <3yo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ears are pulled ___ and ____ for children for > 3yo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Water clogged ears are the same as swimmers ears |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of water clogged ears |
|
Definition
wetness/fullness
gradual hearing loss |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5-10 drops of either:
95% isopropyl 5% glycerin
or
50/50 isopropyl/acetic acid
leave in the ear for 1-2min |
|
|
Term
| Should pt use cider vinegar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Otic agents can be used for a maximum of ___ days |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water clogged ears can be tx OTC in pts >/= ___yo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excess fat soluble vitamins is toxic b/c |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes of fat soluble vitamin deficiencies |
|
Definition
limited intake of fat
fat absorption is compromised |
|
|
Term
| Drugs that effect fat soluble vitamin absorption |
|
Definition
cholestyramine
orlistat
mineral oil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Normal 600-900mcg/day
Low = blindness
High = bone fractures |
|
|
Term
| Signs of hypervitaminosis A |
|
Definition
HA
Double vision
N/V
Vertigo
Fatigue |
|
|
Term
| T/F Vitamin A can cause teratogenicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| retinoids, a-carotene, b-carotene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cholecalciferol (D3)
ergocalciferol (D2) |
|
|
Term
| Vit D deficiency presents as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Vit E deficiency is common |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F High conc of Vitamin K causes toxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BMI categories of obesity |
|
Definition
Class I 30-34.9
Class II 35-39.9
Class III >40 |
|
|
Term
| Metabolic syndrome is defined be any 3 of the following |
|
Definition
-Waist circumference >40 inches in men or >35 inches in women
-Serum triglycerides > 150mg/dL
-HDL <40mg/dL in men or <50mg/dL in women
-BP >130/85mmHg
-Fasting serum glucose >100mg/dL |
|
|
Term
| Exclusions for tx obesity |
|
Definition
BMI >40
Pregnant
<18yo; >65yo
CVD, Dyslipidemia, DM, HTN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5-10% over 6mo
Maintain healthy weight
Prevent weight gain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt should loose ____ lbs/wk on a low calorie diet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Orlistat (Alli) OTC usage reqs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Take orlistat while pregnant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tooth hypersensitivity presents as |
|
Definition
pain from hot, cold, sweet, sour
pain is quick and fleeting |
|
|
Term
| Tooth hypersensitivity tx goals |
|
Definition
repair tooth surface w/ toothpaste
Stop abrasive brushing |
|
|
Term
| Tooth hypersensitivity tx |
|
Definition
Arginine 8%
Potassium nitrate 5% (not for children < 12yo) |
|
|
Term
| Teething discomfort tx goals |
|
Definition
Relieve discomfort
Restore sleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ALL NON PHARM
- massage gums
- cold teething ring
- teething biscuits/dry toast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
difficulty:
- talking
- swallowing
- taste change
- bad breath
- cavities
- gingivitis
- teeth hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biotene (various formulas)
Entertainers Secret Spray |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
relieve dry mouth discomfort
reduce dental decay risk
prevent/treat infections
prevent treat periodontal disease |
|
|
Term
| Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) presents as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. relieve pain so pt can eat/drink
2. prevent secondary infection
3. Identify precipitating factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ice 10min
Avoid sodium lauryl sulfate toothpastes
avoid sharp/spicy foods
Eat healthier
eliminate offending agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- carbamine peroxide 10%
- hydrogen peroxide 1.5%
- Benzocaine 10%, 20%
- Abreva (Docosanol 10%
- Camphor
- Menthol
-and so many more single/combo agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lesions >14d
Frequent recurring lesions
Systemic illness
Failure to prior self tx |
|
|
