Term
| Why do we say that meiosis is confined to sexual reproduction? |
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Definition
| In sexual reproduction, chromosome union is preceded by chromosome reduction. Meiosis is the process of reduction of number of chromosomes by half in the formation of haploid gametes (animals) or spores (plants) |
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Term
| Why do we say that meiosis is confined to sexual reproduction? |
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Definition
| In sexual reproduction, chromosome union is preceded by chromosome reduction. Meiosis is the process of reduction of number of chromosomes by half in the formation of haploid gametes (animals) or spores (plants) |
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Term
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Definition
| Separate homologous chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Homologous chromosomes pair and exchange segments |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pairs of homologous chromosomes split up |
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Term
| Telophase I and cytokinesis |
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Definition
| Two haploid cells form; chromosomes are still double |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Line up along equator to be pulled apart by centromeres |
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Term
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Definition
| Sister chromatids separate |
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Term
| Telophase II and cytokinesis |
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Definition
| Haploid daughter cells forming |
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Term
| When do homologs synapse? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does crossing-over occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does independent assortment occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do sister chromatids separate? |
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Definition
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Term
| When are four haploid cells produced? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does Meiosis compare with Mitosis? |
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Definition
1. Both mitosis and meiosis are initiated in cells that are diploid, “2n”
2. Prior to initiation of mitosis and meiosis, the chromosomes duplicate. IN both processes, each chromosome is now composed of two sister chromatids.
3. In mitosis, the chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate, one sister chromatid on each side.
In meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up on opposite sides of the metaphase plate.
4. In mitosis sister chromatids separate.
In meiosis, homologous pairs of chromosomes separate.
5. Mitosis stops there, meiosis keeps on twerkin |
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Term
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Definition
| Chromosomes that are the same in function and size |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when two homologous chromosomes have paired up. |
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Term
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Definition
The process in which homologous chromosomes exchange reciprocal portions of
themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Random distribution of homologous chromosome pairs during meiosis. |
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Term
| How do independent assortment and crossing over ensure genetic diversity? |
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Definition
| Two homologous chromosomes join with each other, after which non-sister chromatids from each chromosome exchange reciprocal portions of themselves. In this way, material from maternal and paternal sources is shuffled during the formation of gametes. |
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Term
| When did sexual reproduction begin? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate during cell division. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which a person has three copies of chromosome 21 rather than the standard two. |
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Term
| seven Pea-plant characteristics studied by Mendel |
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Definition
Seed shape
Seed color
Pod shape
Pod color
Flower color
Flower position
Stem length |
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Term
| Dominant to Recessive ratios that Mendel found in his monohybrid crosses |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| physiological feature, bodily characteristic or behavior of an organism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Alternative form of a gene |
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Term
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Definition
| An organism that has two identical alleles of a gene for a given character |
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Term
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Definition
| A orgaism that has differing alleles of a gene for a given character |
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Term
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Definition
| offspring resulting from a cross mating of distinctly different parental types |
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Term
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Definition
| Result of letting F1 self-pollinate. Yields 3:1 ratio |
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Term
| What did Mendel conclude after analyzing the data from his seven F1 crosses? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mendel’s first law (the Law of Segregation) |
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Definition
| Differing characters in organisms result from two genetic elements (alleles) that separate in gamete formation, such that each gamete gets only one of the two alleles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Predicts outcomes of breeding by determining possible combinations of alleles |
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