what is matter

anything that occupies space and has weight

what are the states of matter

solid, liquid, and gas

what is an element

a substance that cannot be reduced to a simpler substance by chemical means

about how many elements are there

over 100

what is a compound

combination of two or more elements

can a compound be separated physically

no, only chemically

what is a mixture

 combination of elements and compounds, not chemically combined, and can be separated by physical means

what is an atom

the smallest particle of an elements that retains the characteristics of the element

what is a molecule

combination of 2 or more atoms

whats the smallest particle in a compound that contains the characteristics of the compound

molecule

what are atoms made up of

protons, electrons, and neutrons

what kind of charge does a proton have

positive

what kind of charge does a electron have

negative

what kind of charge does a neutron have

no charge (neutral)

how are elements classified

numerically according to the complexity of their atoms

what determines an elements atomic number

the number of protons in a atoms nucleus

an electron contains what two types of energy

kinetic and potential

what determines the valence of an atom

the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atoms nucleus

what is the valence shell of an atom

the outermost shell of an atom

what are valence electrons

electrons contained in the valence shell

what determines an atoms ability to gain or lose electrons

the atoms valence

what is an ion

an atom that has gained or lost electrons

what is a negative ion

an atom with more electrons then protons

what is a positive ion

an atom with more protons then electrons

elements are placed in what 3 categories in reference to electricy

conductors, semiconductors, and insulators

what do conductors do

conducts electricity very easily

what do insulators do

do not conduct electricity well

what is the electron theory

all matter is made of atoms, and atoms are made of protons, electrons, and neutrons

how many valence electrons do conductors have

3 or less

how many valence electrons do insulators have

five or more

how many valence electrons are in a semiconductor

4

what creates an electric current

the passing of electrons from one atom to another atom

what is another word for electricity at rest

static electricity

when are atoms considered to be in a natural(neutral) state

when there are the same number of protons and electrons in the atom

what is static electricity

Electric discharge resulting from the accumulation of electric charge on an insulated body

whats the easiest way to create static electricity

by friction

define management

the timely accomplishment of objectives

define maintenance

all actions taken to keep material in a working condition or to restore it to a working condition

define maintenance management

to keep all material in working order with minimal use of supplies and maintenance

what does OMA stand for

organizational maintenance activity

when are aircraft scheduled for inspections

at the interval specified by the applicable MRC's

why is a daily inspection conducted

to inspect for defects to a greater depth than the turnaround inspection

how long is a daily inspection valid for

72 hours

when is a turnaround inspection performed

between flights

what is a special inspection

a scheduled inspection with a prescribed interval other than daily or phase

what is a conditional inspection

an unscheduled inspection performed due to some unknown circumstance during aircraft flight, landing, or maintenance

what is a phase inspection

divides the total scheduled maintenance requirement into small packages or phases of approximately the same work content

what is a zone inspection

an inspection of a specific area of an aircraft

what is an acceptance inspection

an inspection performed after accepting a new aircraft

what is a transfer inspection

an inspection performed before transfering an aircraft out of your unit

what is the purpose of the monthly maintenance plan (MMP)

to provide scheduled control of the predictable maintenance workload, for
example, inspections, transfer or receipt of aircraft, and compliance with TDs

who is responsible for preparing the MMP

Maintenance material control office (MMCO)

what is the responsibility of the navy supply system

provide material for maintenance on aircraft

what is the purpose of the NAMP

to achieve and maintain maximum material readiness, safety, and conservation of material

whats the purpose of the aircraft maintenance department

to support the units mission

what does FMC stand for

full mission capability

what does AIMD stand for

aircraft intermediate maintenance department

what does capability mean when it comes to aircraft maintenance

the scope of the work assigned to an activity by the NAMP

what are the two types of maintenance

rework and upkeep

what is rework maintenance

restorative and additive maintenance

what is upkeep maintenance

restorative, additive, and preventive maintenance

what are the 3 levels of maintenance

organizational (O-level), intermediate (I-level), and depot

who sponsors and directs the NAMP

chief of naval operations (CNO)

what is NAVAIR responsible for

research, design, development, testing, acquisition,
and logistic support of all naval aviation

what is a "line" relationship

supervisor to subordinate

what is a staff relationship

supervisor to supervisor

Who is responsible to the commanding officer for
the accomplishment of the maintenance
department’s mission

aircraft maintenance officer (AMO)

what are the responsibilities of the AMO

ensures that the staff divisions conform to established policies

who assists the AMO

maintenance material control officer (MMCO)

what is the concept of quality assurance (QA)

to prevent defects from occurring from the start of a maintenance operation to its finish

achievement of quality assurance depends
on what factors

prevention, knowledge, and special skills

What work center plans, schedules, and provides
positive control of all maintenance performed on
or in support of the activities assigned aircraft

maintenance control

What branches or work centers make up the
aircraft division

airframes (AM, AME), power plants (AD), and PR's

what work centers are part of AV/ARM

avionics (AT), electrician (AE), ordanance (AO), LS, and AZ

What is the purpose of the production control
work center

plan and schedule the workload

what is NALCOMIS

an electronic management information system

What manual provides guidance on maintaining
technical manuals

NAVAIR 00-25-100

What are the two general styles of technical
manuals

military specifications and commercial

Technical manuals are divided into how many
major types and what are they

2, conventional and work package

What is the function of the Rapid Action Change
(RAC)

changes that need to go in effect immediately

What technical publication is most helpful in
identifying and ordering replacement parts

illustrated parts breakdown (IPB)

What information does the NATOPS Flight
Manual contain

operating instructions for a specific aircraft

What type of manual describes how to “fight” an
aircraft

tactical

Periodic Maintenance Information Cards
(PMICs) identify what information

inspection instructions

What is the purpose of the Naval Aviation Safety
Program, OPNAVINST 3750.6

preserve human and material resources

What information is contained in OPNAVINST
5100.19

aviation safety afloat

what is corrosion

chemical or
electrochemical deterioration of a material

what should everyone know about corrosion

corrosion is the natural process of materials returning to their normal state

what 4 conditions must be met before metal corrosion can occur

1. an anode must be present

2. a cathode must be present

3. an electrolyte must be present

4. electrical contact must exist in some form

what is an anode

a metal which has a tendency to corrode

what is a cathode

a metal with less tendency to corrode

what is an electrolyte

a conductive liquid

what can be done to slow or stop corrosion

removing any one of the four conditions for corrosion to occur

where do all corrosive attacks begin

on the surface of the metal

what are some factors that influence corrosion

materials, electrolytes, oxygen, temp

when is the best time to prevent corrosion

the design stage

what metals are most commonly used in aircraft construction

aluminum, steel, titanium, and magnesium

what metals are sometimes used as protective plating

cadmium, nickel, chromium, and silver

what are two metals that corrode very easily

aluminum and magnesium

what two metals do not corrode easily

gold and silver

what happens when the surface area of the anode is smaller then the surface area of the cathode

the corrosion is rapid and severe

whats happens when the surface area of the anode is larger then the surface area of the cathode

corrosion will be slow

what are some of the diff types of corrosion

uniformed surface, galvanic, pitting, intergranular, exfoliation, erosion, stress, fretting

what causes uniform surface corrosion and what are the signs

direct chemical attack on a metal surface that proceeds uniformly over the entire exposed surface, dulling or etching of the surface

what causes galvanic corrosion to occur

when different metals are in contact with each
other and an electrolyte

what causes pitting corrosion and what are the signs

electrolytes containing chloride or chlorine-containing ions (such as seawater), white or grey powdery deposit or holes

what causes intergranular corrosion and what are the signs

when an electrolyte causes the grain bounaries and the grain to corrode, signs are only present under a microscope

what causes erosion corrosion and what are the signs

increase in the rate of attack on a metal due to the

action of a corrosive fluid against the metal surface, grooves, gullies, waves, and rounded holes

what causes stress corrosion and what are the signs

constant tensile stress (internal or applied) and corrosion, intergranular or transgranular
cracking of a metal

what causes fretting corrosion and what are the signs

repeated vibrations, chunks of metal and ragged pits

what is the main objective of the namp

achieve and maintain maximum material readiness, safety, and conservation of material

what are the two most common units of measurement

metric and english

which system of measurment is used to express scientific measurements

metric

what is known as the impenetrability of matter.

that two objects cannot occupy the same space at the same time

what is accelleration

Any change in the state of motion of a body

Why is force considered a vector quantity

it has both direction and magnitude.

In the English system of measurement, what force is expressed in pounds

weight

How is the density of a substance described

its weight per unit volume

How is the specific gravity of a substance described

ratio of the density of the substance to the
density of water

what is kinetic energy

energy of a body in motion

what is cohesion

the force that holds any
substance or body together

what is adhesion

the force that causes unlike materials to stick together

what is tensile strength

a measure of the resistance of a solid to being pulled apart.

what is elasticity

the ability of a substance to return to its normal state after being deformed

what does boyles law state

for a constant temperature, the product of the volume and pressure of an enclosed gas remains constant

what does charles law state

all gases expand and contract in direct proportion to the change in the absolute temperature, provided the pressure is held constant

Name the branch of physics that deals with
force, mass, and motion

mechanics

List the two classes of circular motion

rotation and revolution

what is potential energy

built up energy

List the advantages of liquids as applied to aviation

no need for gears which means no mechanical stress

List the common properties of solids

 Cohesion and adhesion, Tensile strength, Ductility, Malleability, Hardness, Brittleness, Elasticity

What is one of the main uses of absolute zero

To study the kinetic theory of gases

List the absolute zero points on the Kelvin and Celsius scales.

0 Kelvin, -273° Celsius

Describe the point of an object that is its center of gravity.

The point where a single force, equal to the gravitational force and directed up, sustains the body at rest

what is absorbtion

loss of energy that is turned into heat

what is azimuth

Angular position or bearing in a horizontal plane

what is bearing in reference to navigation

The angular position of an object with respect to a reference point or line.

what is compression

the forcing together of the medium’s molecules

what is diffusion

The spreading out of energy or particles from a high concentration to a low concentration, due to random velocity and scattering.

what is divergence

Energy loss caused by spreading in all directions

what is modulation

The process of varying the amplitude or frequency of a carrier wave

what is propogation

transmitting of signals into space

what is range in reference to navigation

the distance of an object from the observer

what is thermal conduction

the transfer of heat through contact

what are the 3 methods of heat transfer

conduction, convection, and radiation

in what state is matter the poorest conductor of electricity

gas

what is convection

the transfer of heat by movement of hot fluid

what is radiation

the continual emission of energy from the surface of all bodies

what is a derived unit

Units based on combinations of two or three fundamental units

what is one example of a derived unit

mph/kph

what two units is speed commonly expressed in

miles per hour (mph) and kilometers per hour (kph)

what is the outcome of force and distance

work and energy

what unit of measurment is used for power in an electrical circuit

the watt

what is the unit foot-pound defined as

the work done in lifting 1lb. a distance of 1ft. against the force of gravity

what is energy defined as

the capacity for doing work

what is the law of conservation

although the total amount of matter

and energy remains constant, matter can be

converted into energy or energy into matter

what relationship does E=mc² explain

the relation between energy and matter

what is inertia

a bodies tendency to stay at rest or in motion until acted upon by another force

what is acceleration

any change in the state of motion of a body

what is force

any push or pull that acts upon a body

why is force a vector quanity

it has both direction and magnitude

what is pressure

force per unit area

what is motion

the act or process of changing place or position

what is the first law of motion

an object in motion or rest tends to stay in that state until acted upon by another force

what is the second law of motion

a force is required to accelerate a body

what is the third law of motion

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

what is power

the rate of doing work

what is frequency

The number of repetitions per unit time of a complete waveform

what is the period of a wave

the time it takes to complete a full cycle

what is wavelength

The distance between one peak or crest of a wave and the next corresponding peak or crest

why is a B-scan so important

its a simple circuit scan that provides range, azimuth, and bearing

define range in respect to radar

distance

how is radar timimg expressed

in microseconds

one nautical mile is equal to how many feet

6080 ft

how long does it take RF energy to travel one nautical mile

6.18 microseconds

how do pulse type radars determine range

by measuring the time it takes the emitted pulse to travel to the target and return

how long does it take an emitted pulse to travel one nautical mile and then back to the antenna

12.36 microseconds

what happens if an aircraft is closer then the minimum pulse range

it will not be seen because the receiver will not be operational before the return pulse

what determines the maximum range

the peak power of the transmitted pulse

what happens if an aircraft is beyond the maximum pulse range

it will not be seen because it will not be a strong enough pulse return

what is azimuth

horizontal placement in respect to true north

what is range resolution

the minimum resolvable separation in range of two objects with the same bearing

what is true range

the actual distance between the target and radar set

what is true range called in airborne radar

slant range

what is slant range

range measurement that includes the effect of difference in altitude

what is horizontal range

the straight line distance of a target along an imaginary line that runs parallel to the earths surface

what is the principal factor that effects radar

maintenance

whats the peak power of a radar

the radars useful power

as peak power increases what also increases in a radar.

its range capabilities

what is receiver senseativity

the measure of the ability of a receiver to amplify a weak signal

what does the synchronizer do

supplies the synchronizing signals that time the transmitted pulses and the indicator

what are some other names for the synchronizer

the timer or keyer

what does the transmitter do

generates RF energy in the form of short and power pulses

what does the antenna system do

transmits and receives RF pulses

what does the receiver do

amplifies the weak return signal

what does the indicator do in a radar set

provides a visual indication of the echo pulses

how many modes of operation are there in an IFF system

5

what makes up the challenging set in a IFF system

the interrogator, synchronizer, and radar units

what makes up the responder station

the transponder

what modes of IFF is used exclusively by the military for tactical modes for target identification

modes 1 and 2

what mode of IFF is used by both military and civilian

mode 3/A

what does mode c in an IFF system provide

altitude info

in an IFF system what is mode 4 used for.

secure encrypted mode

what is position

a point defined by stated or implied coordinates

what is direction

the position of one point in space relative to another

what is course

the intended horizontal direction of travel.

what is heading

the horizontal direction in which an aircraft is pointing

what is true heading

direction of the geographic North Pole as the reference.

what is magnetic heading

the direction of the earth’s magnetic field at that location as the reference.

what is bearing

the actual compass compass direction of the forward course of the aircraft

what is distance

the separation between two points.

what direction do lines of latitude run

north and south

what direction do lines of longitude run

east to west

what does doppler radar do

detects and shows actual ground speed and drift of an aircraft

what do radar altimeters do

give the actual distance from the aircraft to the surface of the earth

what is radio navigation

a complex but considerably accurate navigational aid

what is celestial navigation

using celestial bodies to determine aircraft position

what is inertial navigational

a navigational aid that uses newtons laws of motion to provide dead reckoning

what is dead reckoning

line of sight navigation

what are radar transponders

devices that do not operate until interrogated or triggered into action

what is radar navigation

navigation using a radar system

what does an horizontal situation indicator (HSI) do

provides the pilot with a visual indication of the navigational situation of the aircraft.

what are the two basic types of navigation

position fixing and dead reckoning

what should an ideal navigation system provide

ground info, global coverage, self-contained, passive operation, immune to countermeasures, useless to enemy, and must be flexible

what info do you get from a navigation system that provides ground info

the ground position of the aircraft

what does it mean when a navigation system has global coverage

The system positions and steers the aircraft accurately and reliably any place in the world

what does it mean if a navigation system is self-contained

it does not rely on ground transmission of any kind

what does it mean if a navigation system is passive

it does not transmit so it cant give away the position of the parent aircraft

what does it mean if a navigation system is immune to countermeasures

the system is not affected by any type of countermeasures

what does it mean if a navigation system is useless to the enemy

the system does not provide any intel for the enemy to use

what does it mean if a navigation system is flexible

can track the aircraft no matter what circumstance might arise

what does the automatic direction finder (ADF) do.

provides aircraft location in reference of a ground station

what does TACAN stand for

tactical air navigation

what does TACAN do

provides bearing with reference to a ground station

what are SENSORS

data-gathering units such as RADAR, ILS, and TACAN

what is telecommunications

communication over a distance

what frequency band is up to 300Hz

extremely low frequency (ELF)

what frequency band is in the 300Hz-3kHz range

voice frequency (VF)

what frequency band is in the 3kHz-30kHz range

very low frequency (VLF)

what frequency band is in the 30kHz-300kHz range

low frquency (LF)

what frequency band is in the 300kHz-3MHz range

medium frequency (MF)

what frequency band is in the 3MHz-30MHz range

high frequency (HF)

what frequency band is in the 30MHz-300MHz range

very high frequency (VHF)

what frequency band is in the 300MHz-3GHz range

ultrahigh frequency (UHF)

what frequency band is in the 3GHz-30GHz range

superhigh frequency (SHF)

what frequency band is in the 30GHz-300GHz

extremely high frequency (EHF)

what frequency bands are limited to line-of-sight communications

VHF and up

what is amplitude modulation (AM)

a method used to vary the amplitude of an elctromagnetic carrier frequency

what is carrier frequency

a radio frequency (RF) wave suitable for modulation

what are the primary disadvantages to amplitude modulation (AM)

susceptibility to noise interference and the inefficiency of the transmitter.

what are the two types of angle modulation

frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM)

what is frequency modulation

the carrier frequency is varied

what is an antenna

special type of electrical circuit intentionally designed to radiate and/or receive electromagnetic energy

what is the simplest type of antenna

bidirectional bipole

what is a data link system

communications link that provides computer-to computer exchange of information.

a modern data link system has what components installed on the aircraft

1. general purpose digital computer (GPDC)

2. switching logic unit (SLU)

3. data terminal set (DTS)

4. integrated radio control (IRC)

5. secure data keyer

6. HF and UHF communication system

what is the purpose of electronic countermeasures (ECM)

to detect, analyze, locate, and degrade the use of an enemy’s electronic warfare equipment.

what is ballistics

the science of the motion of projectiles

what is the purpose of electronic support measures (ESM)

to detect (receive), plot (locate), and analyze the signal characteristics of a suspected enemy’s communications, navigation, and radar equipments.

what is the primary purpose of electronic countermeasures (ECM)

protect a single aircraft from an enemy radar

what are the three types of ECM

passive (PECM), electronic, and non-electronic

what are the two basic categories of ECM equipment

electronic and non-electronic

what does electronic ECM equipment prevent enemy radar from doing

tracking the aircraft accurately

what does electronic ECM equipment prevent enemy aircraft fire-control radar from doing

prevents it from locking on

what is active ECM

ECM electronic equipment designed to jam communications, navigation, and radar receivers

what are jammers

high-power, noise-modulated transmitters that transmit random noise over a given band of frequencies.

what are some examples of non-electronic ECM equipment

chaff and flare

what is the best way to detect submerged  enemy submarines

its disturbance of the local magnetic field of the earth (MAD)

what is MAD 

magnetic anomaly detection

what are sonobuoys

aircraft-deployed, expendable sonar sets that contain a VHF radio transmitter to relay acoustic information to the deploying aircraft

what are the two types of sonobuoys

passive and active

what is a passive sonobuoy

a "listen only" sonobuoy

what is a DIFAR system

a directional low frequency analysis and recording machine

what does a LOFAR system do

detects sounds emitted by a submarine through a hydrophone from a passive omnidirectional sonobuoy

what is a LOFAR system

a low frequency analysis and recording system

what basic acoustic sensing system is used in a  passive sonobouy

LOFAR

what does a DIFAR system do

detects directional info using a passive sonobouy

what two systems use passive sonobuoys

LOFAR and DIFAR

what are the two types of active sonobuoy

self-timed and commandable

what does a self-timed sonobuoy do

generates a sonar pulse at a fixed pulse length and interval

what does a commandable sonobuoy do

generates a sonar pulse, as determined by a UHF command signal from the controlling aircraft

how does an active sonobuoy work

radiates a sonar (sound) pulse that is reflected from the hull of the submarine.

what kind of system does an active sonobuoy use

command active sonobuoy systems (CASS)

what does the CASS in an active sonobuoy do

allows the sonobuoy to remain silent until it receives a command signal from the aircraft to radiate a sound pulse

what is a DICASS sonobuoy

a CASS sonobuoy equipped with a directional hydrophone

what does a DICASS sonobuoy do

lets the aircraft acoustic analysis equipment determine both range and bearing to the target

what is a special purpose sonobuoy

sonobuoys that are not used for detecting submarines

what is a bathythermobuoy

a sonobuoy that measures water temp versus water depth

what is a down link communication (DLC) buoy

a sonobuoy that is used for communications between aircraft and submarines

what are the two types of special purpose sonobuoys used in the fleet

bathythermobuoy and a down link communication (DLC) buoy

how is an ammeter connected to a circuit for troubleshooting

in series

how is a voltmeter connected to a circuit for troubleshooting

in parallel

what do you never do when connecting an ohmmeter for troubleshooting

never connect it to an energized circuit

how do you check for an open in a circuit

by doing a continuity check

whats the best tool to use when conducting a continuity test

an ohmmeter

what indicates an open in a circuit

a very high or infinite resistance

what can cause a grounded circuit

a direct or indirect contact between a conductor and a ground connection

what is a common indication that a circuit is grounded

a blown fuze or tripped circuit breaker

what is a short in a circuit

when two conductors have accidentally touched each other directly or through another conducting element

what measuring device is used to check for a short in a circuit

an ohmmeter

what indication usually identifies a short in a circuit

very little to no resistance

what is triboelectric effect

generation of static electricity on an object by rubbing

if you have a low (10-20%) relative humidity in an area will the electrostatic voltage be more or less than an area with high (65-90%) relative humidity

more

in a low humidity environment what amount of electrostatic voltage can build up by walking across carpet 

35000V

in a low humidity environment what amount of electrostatic voltage can build up from walking over a vinyl floor

12000V

in a high humidity environment what amount of electrostatic voltage can build up from walking across carpet

1500V

in a high humidity environment what amount of electrostatic voltage can build up from walking over a vinyl floor

250V

what are the 2 types of ESD-protective materials

conductive and anti-static

what does conductive ESD-protective materials do