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| An integrative discipline that brings together the physical and human dimensions of the world in the study of people, places, and environments |
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| precise location based on an accepted system of map coordinates |
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| Position of a place or thing in relation to the position of other places or things |
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| The place where something is located: the immediate surroundings and their attributes |
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+ The location of something in relation to the physical and human characteristics of a larger region.
+ Focuses on systems that link physical phenomena and human activities in one area of the earth with other areas; Physical, technological, or social |
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| Art, science, and technology of making maps |
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| The angular distance North or South of the equator, measured in degrees ranging from 0 degrees (the equator) to 90 degrees (North and South poles) |
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| The angular distance East or West of the prime meridian measured in degrees from 0 degrees (the prime meridian) to 180 degrees (the international date line) |
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| Put a log book and other objects into a waterproof container and bury it in a public location. Mark down the GPS coordinates and put it online on a specific website so that people can try to find it and then they mark their name in the log book and take some of your objects and leave other objects |
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| The ration between the measurements of something on the map and the corresponding measurement on the earth |
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| Shows an area in considerable detail |
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| Shows less detail and covers a much larger area |
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| Terrain representation; depict the shape and elevation of the terrain |
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Connects parts of equal elevation
*usually based above sea level |
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| Vertical spacing between contour lines |
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| Contour lines are supplemented by being illustrated with areas of shadow and "sunlight" |
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Data Representation; show spatial patterns and interrelationships of phenomena
*(people, crops, traffic flow, etc.) |
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Shows distribution of a particular class of information
*ex.) distribution of a country's national parks or location of oil fields |
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Shows the spatial characteristics of numerical data
*ex.) how population, income, or land values differ from place to place |
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Represent features that occur at a particular point in space
*(Qualitative - only location)
*(Quantitative - distribution of things [ex. population dot map]) |
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| Size of symbol changes depending on the number |
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| Represents features found within a defined area of the earth's surface |
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| Shows how the amount of a phenomenon varies from area to area |
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| Maps in which the areas of units are proportional to the data they represent |
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| Represent features that have significant length but not significant width |
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| The first to demonstrate that the earth was spherical |
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| The first person to use the word geography. Also accepted that the earth was spherical and calculated its circumference within a .5% accuracy |
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| Father of modern geography |
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| Physiology and anatomy of the earth. Each geographic feature a distinct organ with appropriate functions |
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| First geographer to raise concerns about the destructive impact of human activities on the environment |
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| Projection that shows correct representation of area but always distort shape |
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| Projection that accurately portrays the shapes of small areas by assuring latitude/longitude cross at right angles and scale is the same in all directions; Conformal projections |
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| Projection that preserve distance between a center point and other places |
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| Projection that preserves true direction from a center point to another point on the map but no between those other points; Azimuthal projections |
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| Makes the polar area HUGE |
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Nothing is preserved completely
*(best visually displays earth) |
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| Detecting the nature of an object and the content of an area without direct contact with the ground |
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| Geographic Information Systems (GIS) |
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| A computer based system of procedures for assembling, storing, manipulating, analyzing, and displaying spatial information |
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| The study of the origin, characteristics, and development of landforms |
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| A particular chemical combination that has a hardness, density, and definite crystal structure of its own |
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| Formed below the ground by solidification of magma |
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| Formed above ground by the solidification of magma |
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| Most Common Rock on Earth? |
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| Thing but strong layer of rock (Earth's crust is on top of this) |
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| 2 plates moving away from each other |
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| 1 plate moving horizontal against another |
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| 1 plate moving horizontal against another |
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| Weaknesses in earth's crust |
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| Less explosive (gradual slope) |
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| Explosive (steeper slope) |
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| Lost of volcanoes on the pacific plate and the surrounding plates |
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| Break or fracture in rock along which movement has taken place |
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| Movement that occurs along a fault or other point of weakness |
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| The point at which the earthquake originates |
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| The point on the earth's surface that lies directly above the focus |
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| Breakdown or decomposition of rocks and minerals at or near earth's surface in response to air, water, or temperature |
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| Physical disintegration of earth's materials at or near the surface of the earth |
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| Causes rock to decompose rather than disintegrate |
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| Down slope movement of material due to gravity |
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| A naturally occurring, exploitable material that a society perceives to be useful to its economic and material well-being |
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| Replaced or replenished by natural processes |
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| Virtually impossible to completely get rid of |
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| Generated in nature so slowly that the supply is finite |
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| The controlled splitting of an atom to release energy |
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| The combining of 2 atoms of deuterium into a single atom of helium in order to release energy |
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| Any organic matter produced by plants, animals or microorganisms that can be burned directly as a heat source or converted into a liquid or gas |
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| Exploits the energy present in falling or flowing water |
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| Photvoltaic Devices (Solar Cells) |
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| Sunlight directly into energy |
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| Heat from within the earth |
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| Fluid produced when you wash coal with water and chemicals |
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| Clear cut things down and bulldoze smaller things, drill lots of small holes in the rocks and use explosives to blow it up |
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| More common in mountains or rolling hills; go and cut around the edge of the mountain or hill to get coal that's close to the surface |
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