Term
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Definition
| Includes bones and the tissues that connect them (tendons, ligaments, and cartilage). |
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Term
| 3 Functions of the Skeletal System |
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Definition
1. Support (gives us shape)
2. Protection of internal organs/fragile tissues
3. Movement (allows attachment of muscles to tendons) |
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Term
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Definition
Includes: Humerus
Clavicle
Scapula |
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Term
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Definition
*Children resort to "W" sitting b/c it offers a huge, wide base of support.
*"W" sitting can lead to:
Hip dislocation
Over-stretching the knee
Lack of ability to use the trunk |
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Term
| Skeletal System: Baby vs. Adult |
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Definition
300 bones as a baby.
206 bones as an adult.
Smaller bones fuse together to form larger ones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inlcudes the Skeletal and Muscular systems. |
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Term
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Definition
639 Muscles in the human body.
3 Types of Muscles:
Skeletal
Smooth (intestines)
Cardiac (autonomous) |
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Term
| 3 Functions of the Muscular System |
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Definition
1. Provides movement of the body through strength.
2. Maintains posture.
3. Circulates blood throughout the body. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
*Responsible for lateral neck flexion.
*Associated with torticollis, it's like a rubber band.
*Wry Neck = old term for torticollis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deltoids (referred to as "guns") |
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Term
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Definition
*Rectus Abdominus (runs down center of abdomen).
*Obliques (on either side of the rectus abdominus). |
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Term
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Definition
Back muscles have several points of attachment:
Vertebrae
Skull
Arms
Legs
Pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
Quadriceps: Responsible for knee extension (front of upper leg).
Hamstrings: Responsible for knee flexion and hyperextension (back of upper leg).
**The hamstring is one of the tightest muscles, and this can lead to "W"sitting, or leaning back in a long sit. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs from caudal (tail) to cephalic (head). |
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Term
| Development from Birth and On |
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Definition
Cephalic (head) to Caudal (tail)
Proximal (most center point) to Distal (farthest from center).
Gross (large muscles) to Fine (small muscles).
Simple to Complex. |
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Term
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Definition
Ulnar (pinky side of hand) to Radial (thumb side of hand).
Wrists go from Flexed to Straight to Extended. |
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Term
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Definition
No voluntary grasp.
No visual attention = No attempt to grasp.
Reflexive only. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sustained voluntary grasp on Ulnar side of hand. |
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Term
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Definition
Primitive Squeeze Grasp
Pulling objects to the body/no use of thumb. |
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Term
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Definition
Palmar Grasp
Held with fingers and adducted thumb. |
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Term
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Definition
Radial Palmar Grasp
Held with fingers and opposed thumb. |
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Term
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Definition
Radial Digital Grasp
Held with opposed thumb and fingertips. |
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Term
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Definition
Radial Digital Grasp
Wrists Extended |
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Term
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Definition
3-Jaw Chuck
Object held with thumb and 2 fingers. |
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Term
| Scissor and Pincer Grasps |
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Definition
Scissor: Side of thumb
Pincer: Thumb and index finger
Scissor grasp occurs BEFORE Pincer grasp. |
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Term
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Definition
*Allows child to reach above
*Provides stability of trunk and arms/works the trunk
*Allows for play against gravity
*Develops control of anterior (front) muscles |
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Term
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Definition
*Works on head and shoulder control
*Allows for spinal extension against gravity
*Provides pelvic stability
*Helps develop posterior (back) muscles |
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Term
| Play Positions: Side-Lying |
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Definition
*Works on unilateral movement
*Gravity-assisted position - gravity brings arms and legs together at midline
*Strengthens bilateral hand skills
**Piece of equipment called a "Side-Lyer" used for students with CP/hypertonic muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| *Provides opportunity to combine sensory input from visual, auditory, tactile and motor control against gravity. |
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Term
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Definition
*Upright Position
*Allows for experiencing body weight and tactile/proprioceptive input through feet. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Your MOVEMENT system. Responsible for your equilibrium. |
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Term
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Definition
*Built into large muscles and tendons.
*Gives you feedback about your body.
*Sometimes called "Deep Pressure" system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conceiving, planning, and executing a new motor task. |
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Term
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Definition
*Tracking
*Hand-Eye Coordination |
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Term
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Definition
Visual discrimination, spatial awareness.
"Where's Waldo?" - visual figure ground (important pre-requisite for writing). |
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Term
| Occupational Therapy: What is looked at/worked on? |
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Definition
*Trunk control
*Head control
*Various play positions
*Maintaining positions
*Reaching and grasping
*Crossing midline (playing around with both hands)
*Fine motor skills
*Bilateral integration
*Motor planning |
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Term
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Definition
*Never hold your breath while lifting.
*Always support the head.
*Provide support around the trunk/waist. |
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