Term
| What are biochemical tests used for? |
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Definition
| used to determine physiological characteristsics of microorganism, particularly in terms of bacterial enzymes and chemistry of biooxidation |
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Term
| What does starch agar test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does amylase hydrolyze? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is added to starch plate after incubation? |
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Definition
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Term
| If amylase is present in starch agar, what will be observed around an amylase positive colony? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does milk agar test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does caseinase hydrolyze? |
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Definition
| casein to amino acid products |
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Term
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Definition
| a primary protein in milk that gives it its white colour |
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Term
| If caseinase is present in milk agar, what will be observed around a caseinase positive colony? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a lipase plate test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does lipase hydrolyze? |
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Definition
| fat to glycerol and fatty acids |
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Term
| What does the production of fatty acids do to pH? |
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Definition
| production of fatty acids lowers pH |
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Term
| When lipase is present in the lipase plate, what colour is observed around the lipase positive colony? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are sugar fermentation tubes used for? |
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Definition
| determining if a microorganism can ferment particular sugars |
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Term
| What sugars of interest can sugar fermentation tubes contain? |
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Definition
| glucose, lactose, mannitol |
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Term
| What are the three components of a sugar fermentation tube? |
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Definition
| sugars of interest, pH indicator, Durham tube |
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Term
| What is the pH indicator of a sugar fermentation tube? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a microorganism is able to ferment the sugar, what will the result of the fermentation produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| When acid is present in a sugar fermenation tube, what colour indicates that the microorganism is positive for fermentation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another product that some microorganisms produce during fermentation? |
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Definition
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Term
| How will the secondary product in sugar fermentation tubes appear in the Durham tube? |
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Definition
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Term
| In a sugar fermentation tube, how does an alkaline reaction occur? |
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Definition
| utilization of peptone in the broth and not the sugar |
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Term
| If an alkaline reaction occurs, what colour will indicate this? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Methyl Red (MR) test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What colour indicates a positive Methyl Red test? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Voges-Proskauer (VP) test for? |
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Definition
| 2,3 butanediol fermentors |
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Term
| What do 2,3 butanediol fermentors produce less of compared to mixed acid fermentors? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is actually tested for in a Voges-Proskauer (VP) instead of a butanediol producer? |
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Definition
| acetoin (acetyl methyl carbinol) |
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Term
| What are Barrit's reagents in a VP test? |
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Definition
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Term
| When oxygen is present in a VP test, what reagent reacts with the product? |
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Definition
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Term
| When oxygen is present, what colour indicates that the microorganism is a 2,3 butanediol producer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is alpha-naphthol ultimately used for in a VP test? |
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Definition
| to intensify the red color |
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Term
| What is an example of a MR + microorganism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a VP + microorganism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the products of a catalase test? |
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Definition
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Term
| What indicates that the microorganism is catalase positive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does an oxidase test test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What products does an oxidase test produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What aromatic arene does an oxidase test use? |
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Definition
| dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride |
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Term
| When oxidase is present, what colour indicates that oxidase is present? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does nitrate test for? |
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Definition
| the ability of microorganisms to reduce nitrate |
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Term
| What is produced in a nitrate test? |
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Definition
| N2 + NH3 and other products |
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Term
| What is present in a nitrate broth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the reagents in the nitrate test? |
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Definition
| sulfanilic acid and dimethyl-alpha-naphthylamine |
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Term
| What colour indicates that the microorganism is nitrate positive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is added to the tube in a nitrate test if it is yellow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would zinc do to a negative nitrate test? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the broth does not turn red after the addition of zinc in a nitrate test, what is therefore said about the microorganism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened to the nitrate in a true + Nitrate test? |
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Definition
| the nitrate broth was completely reduced to products other than NO2- |
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Term
| What does a indole/tryptophan test test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does tryptophanase convert tryptophane into? |
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Definition
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Term
| What reagent is added to identify indole in an indole test? |
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Definition
| Kovac's Reagent (p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, amyl or butyl alcohol, and HCl) |
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Term
| If indole is present, what colour indicates that the microorganism is positive for indole? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a urea test test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does urease convert urea into? |
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Definition
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Term
| If ammonia is present, what happens to the pH of the solution? |
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Definition
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Term
| If ammonia is present, what colour indicates that the microorganism is urease positive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the enzyme cysteine desulfurase remove from cysteine to produce H2S? |
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Definition
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Term
| When H2S is present in a cysteine test, what is produced to indicate an H2S positive test? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a SIM test for? |
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Definition
| sulfur, indole, and motility |
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Term
| What does a simmons citrate test test for? |
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Definition
| utilizes citrate as the sole carbon source |
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Term
| Other than growth, what colour will indicate a citrate positive microorganism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Phenylalanine test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is added to PPA to indicate presence of products? |
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Definition
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Term
| If PPA is present, what colour will indicate a positive phenylalanine test? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does litmus milk test for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of reaction causes a pink liquid to form due to a drop in pH from the fermentation of lactose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of reaction produces a pink solid due to to acid production and coagulation of proteins causing the solid formation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of reaction causes litmus to be reudced and to be colorless (tube appears white since only milk remains)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes a blue liquid to be produced when protein breakdown produces amino acids that are deaminated and release ammonia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes a clearing of medium (may be brown or amber) caused by the enzyme caseinase? |
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Definition
| peptonization/proteolysis |
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Term
| What reaction causes the tube to turn white except for a small region at the top where oxygen reoxidizes the litmus to the red coloured form? |
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Definition
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