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Trends of the Periodic Table
definitions
8
Chemistry
10th Grade
11/05/2011

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Cards

Term
Ionization Energy
Definition
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom.
Term
Second Ionization Energy
Definition
The amount of energy required to remove the second electron from a neutral atom.
Term
Electron Affinity
Definition

The energy given off when an atom gains an electron.

 

The more negative the value is, the more energy given off, which indicates the stability of the atom.

Term
Atomic Radii
Definition

The size of the atom.

 

This is difficult to measure so we find the bond radius...half the distance from center to center of two like atoms that are bonded.

Term
Electronegativity
Definition
A measure of an atoms attraction for an electron.
Term

Electron Shielding

(the shielding effect)

Definition
A reduction in attraction between the positive nucleus and the negative electrons due to the interference of the core electrons.
Term
Valence Electrons
Definition
The outermost electrons in the s and p orbitals of the highest energy level.
The electrons that are involved in bonding.
Term
Core Electrons
Definition
The innermost electrons that are not involved in bonding.
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