Term
When anticonvulsants are used in women of reproductive age, it is important to consider teratogenicity and provide proper cousenling. Which anticonvulsant drugs of note are pregnancy category D? |
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Definition
Carbamazepine
Clonazepam
Phenobarbital
Phenytoin
Valproate.
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Term
| Which anticonvulsants of note have the highest risk of fetal harm? |
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Definition
| Valproate and phenobarbital |
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Term
Weight gain is a major reason why patients may be non-compliant. Which three anticonvulsives have modest weight loss? |
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Definition
topiramate
levetiracetam
zonisanmide
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Term
Many anticonvulsants are sedating and cause lower cognitive performance; this makes it difficult for children to do well in school. |
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Definition
| Statement. Not a question. |
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Term
| DOC for partial seizures? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ethosuximide, give valproate in children less than 2 years of age. |
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Term
| DOC for atypical absense, myoclinic, atonic seizures? |
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Definition
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Term
| DOC for generalized tonic - clonic seizures? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal dosing of phenytoin? |
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Definition
| usually dosed 100 mg TID, up to 600 mg/d |
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Term
| Brand name for phenytoin? |
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Definition
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Term
| How to administer phenytoin? |
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Definition
Mis injection with NS only; max infusion rate 50 mg/min.
If faster, can cause bradycardia, hypotension |
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Term
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Definition
If the albumin is low (< 3.5 g/dL), the true phenytoin level will be higher than it appears - must therefore adjust or measure free PHT level.
Note: albumin is not a common lab value. If you see a lab reporting for albumin, chances are the albumin is out of wack.
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Term
| Therapeutic level for albumin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a side effect of chronic phenytoin therapy? |
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Definition
sking thickening of facial features
lupus like syndrome
Hirsutism
Peripheral neuropathy
Vitamin D deficiency
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Term
| Brand name for carbamazepine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Black box warning for carbamazepine? |
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Definition
(1) serious skin reaction.
IfAsian, must be tested for HLA - B 1502 allele prior to therapy. If positive, can't be used.
(2) Aplastic Anemia
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Term
| Brand name for oxcarbazepine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment range for oxcarbazepine? |
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Definition
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Term
| A serious side effect of oxcarbazepine? |
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Definition
(1) Serious skin reaction: SJS
(2) Hyponatremia
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Term
| Treatment range for oxcarbazepine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for valproate or valproic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment range for valproate or valproic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for Divalproex? |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment range for Divalproex? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for lamotrigine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Black box warning for Lamotrigine? |
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Definition
Serious Skin Reactions: SJS and TEN
To prevent this, follow the titration schedule.
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Term
| brand name for ethosuximide |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for topiramate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Three side effects of topiramate of note? |
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Definition
Oligohydrosis/hyperthemia (mostly children)
Nephrolithiasis
Weight Loss (significant)
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Term
| Brand name for Clonazepam? |
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Definition
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Term
| Side effects of note for Clonazepam? |
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Definition
Somnolence
Dizziness/ataxia
Cognitive impairment
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Term
| Brand name for Levitiracetam? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for Zonisamide |
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Definition
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Term
| Side effects of note for Zonisamide? |
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Definition
Serious Skin Reactions: SJS and TEN
Nephrolithiasis
Not to be used in patients with sulfa allergy. |
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Term
| Is clonazepam a controlled substance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for Phenobarbital? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Is Phenobarbital a controlled substance. |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment range for Phenobarbital? |
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Definition
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Term
| Major side effects of Phenobarbital? |
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Definition
| Somnolence (MAJOR sedation) |
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Term
| Brand name for Licosamide? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is Lincosamide a controlled substance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for pregabalin? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the one medication indicated for Lennox - Gastaut only (rare type of complex, childhood seizures)
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Definition
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Term
| What is status epilepticus? |
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Definition
type of seizure that lasts longer than 30 minutes or > 2 discrete seizure between which there is incomplete recovery of consciousness.
It's a medical emergency. |
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Term
| What is DOC of status epilepiticus? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Favorable factors for withdrawal of treatments? |
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Definition
Seizure free for 2 - 4 years
Complete sesizure controle within 1 yr of onset
An onset seizures after age 2 and before age 35
Normal EEG |
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Term
Most drug interactions with anticonvulsants which are clinically relevant are due to 2 reasons?
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Definition
(1) one anticonvulsant is increasing or decreasing the level of another anticonvulsant.
(2) several of the anticonvulsants are strong inducers. |
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