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Remove mental patients from abuse institutions
Was far succesfful because the patients' psychological disorder led to them being unable to care for themselves |
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| If psychological problems can be treated proactively, or before they become severe, the suffering of the clients as well as the cost of providing care can be reduced |
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| efforts attempt to reduce the incidence of societal problems, such as joblessness or homelessness, that can give give to mental health issues |
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| involves working with people at-risk for developing specific problems. One example would be counseling people who live in an areas that has experiecned a trauma such as natural disaster or terrorist attack |
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| Efforts aim to keep people's mental health issues from becoming more severes, for instance, working with earthquake survivors who are already siffering from an anxiety disorder in the hopes of preventing the disorder from becoming more severe |
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| View the cause of disorders as unconscious conflicts. As a result, their initial focus is on identifying the underlying cause of the problem. Psychoanalysts believe that other methods of therapy may succeed in ridding a client of a particular symptom but do not address the true problem |
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is when, after a perseon si successfully treated for oen psychological disorder, that person begins to expeirence a new psychological problem.
They aruge that a person's symptoms are the outward manifestations of deeper problems that can be cured only through analysis. |
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To say wahtever comes to mind without thinking.
Psychoanalyst technique |
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What the patient reports during dream analysis
Psychoanalyst |
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What is really of interest to the analyst
or the hidden content
mainly revealed by the therapist's interpretive work |
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During interpretation of dreams
Disagreeing with the therapist's interpretation |
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patients begin to have strong feelings toward their therapists
During therapist interpretation |
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| highlight the importance of the patients/clients gaining an understanding of their problems |
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| Focus on helping people to understand, accept themseleves and strive to self-actualize |
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| means to reach one's highest potential. Humanistic psychologists view it as a powerful motivational goal |
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Carl Rogers
therapeutic method hinges on the therapist providing the cleint with what Rogers termed unconditional positive regard- regard is blanket acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person says or does. It is essential to healthy development |
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Humanistic
would not tell their clients what to do but, rather, would seek to help the clients choose a course of action for themselves |
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Humanistic
They encourage the clients to talk a lot about how they feel and sometimes mirror (repeat) back those feelings |
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fritz perls
emphasize the importance of the whole. Want their clients to integrate all of their actions, feelings ,and thoughts into a harmonious whole |
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humanistic therapies
focus on helping clients achieve a subjectively meaningful perception of their lives. See clients's difficulties as caused by the clients having lost or fialed to develop a sense of their lives' purpose. |
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| believe that all all behavior is learned. Base their therapies upon the same principles during learning |
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classical conditioning by Mary Cover Jones
an Unpleasant conitioned response is replaced with a pleasant one.
Ex) Charley is afraid of going ot the doctor and cries hysterically as soon as he enters the doctor's door. His mother might attempt to replace the conditioned repsonse of crying with contentment by bringing his favorite snakcs and toys with them |
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| Systematic desensitization |
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Involves teaching the cleint to replace the feelings of anixety and relaxation
First step is teaching the client to relax. Then constructing an anxiety hierarchy |
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| rank-ordered list of what the client fears, starting with the least frightening and ending with the most frightening |
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| For some people, imagining the feared stimuli is not sufficient. They need to confront the actual items on the anxiety hierarchy |
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| involves having the client imagine teh most frightening scenario first. If the clients face their fears and do not back down, they soon realize that the fear is irrational |
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locate the cause of psychological problems in the way people think, their methods of therapy concentrate onc hcanging these unhealthy thought patterns.
Cognitive therapy is often quite combative as therapists challenge the irrational thinking patterns of their clients |
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Explaining outcomes
Ex) Josephine fails a psychology test. a negative explanation is thinking that she is an idiot who will fail all tests in all subjects all the time. A better one would view the cause of hte failure as external |
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| Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy |
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developed by Albert Ellis
to expose and confront the dysfunctional thoughts of their clients. By using it, a therapist would question both the likelihood of such embarrassment occurring and the impact that would result.
The goal would be to show the client that not only is his or her failure is an unliekly goal but even if it happened its no big deal. |
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Aaron Beck
process most often employed in the treatment of depression. Involves trying to get clients to engage in pursuits that will bring them success.
This will alleviate the depression while also idetnifying and challenging the irrational ideas that cause their unhappiness |
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| See the causes of psychological disorders in organic causes |
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| treat psychological problems. The more severe disorder the most likely that drugs will be used to treat it . |
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Electroconvulsive therapy
(ECT) |
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| electirc current is passed through both hemispheres of the brain. The electic shock casues the patients to experience a brief seizure |
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grenerally treated with antipsychotic drugs such as Thorazine or Haldol
These drugs generally function by blockign the receptor sites for dopamine. Their effectiveness therefore provides support for the dopamine hypothesis |
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