Term
| what are the kinds of traumatic brain injury (TBI)? |
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Definition
| open head injury (dura opened) and closed head injury (dura intact - blunt, acceleration/deceleration) |
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Term
| what is anoxic brain injury? are there parts of the brain more susceptible to this type? |
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Definition
| ischemia due to hypoxia/decreased perfusion. the hippocampus (=amnesia) and cerebellum/basal ganglia (=movement disorders) are more susceptible to this type of injury. |
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Term
| what types of deficits occur w/traumatic brain injury? |
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Definition
| physical, cognitive, and neurobehavioral |
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Term
| what are the 2 peak incidences for traumatic brain injury? |
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Definition
| young adult males (18-25) and pediatric/geriatric pts |
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Term
| what is the top cause of brain injury? (*exam question*) |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the glasgow coma scale scores associated w/mild, moderate, and severe brain injury? (*exam question*) |
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Definition
| mild: 13-15, moderate: 9-12, severe: <8 (based on eyes open, best verbal, best motor scores) |
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Term
| what makes up 1-3% of head injuries? |
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Definition
| epidural hematoma - usually arterial (middle meningeal), but can involve the meningeal vein or dural sinus |
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Term
| what makes up 50% of head injuries? |
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Definition
| subdural hematoma, which is an acute venous rupture of the cortical bridging veins |
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Term
| what happens when you increase intracranial pressure? |
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Definition
| perfusion pressure goes down = cerebral ischemia |
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Term
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Definition
| absence of signs of cognition, speech, and disoriented motor response |
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Term
| what is considered brain dead? (*possible exam question*) |
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Definition
| all functions, high and low centers have ceased |
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Term
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Definition
| pt doesn't obey commands, speak or open eyes spontaneously |
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Term
| what is a persistent vegetative state? |
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Definition
| unconscious, eye open, have sleep/wake cycles, no meaningful responses. pts maintain autonomic control of their milieu - that part of the brainstem remains intact. the pt is awake but unaware. (pt is awake but unaware) |
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Term
| what is the best predictor for traumatic brain injury recovery? |
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Definition
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