Term
| Which compartment/s make up the extra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
| Blood plasma AND Interstitial fluid |
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of Na+ in the blood plasma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of Na+ in the interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of Na+ in the intra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of K+ in the blood plasma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of K+ in the interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of K+ in the intra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of Cl- in the blood plasma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of Cl- in the interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the relative concentration of Cl- in the intra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of Ca2+ in the blood plasma? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the relative concentration of Ca2+ in the interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the relative concentration of Ca2+ in the intra-cellular? |
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Definition
| High (In membranous organelles) |
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Term
| Are proteins present in the blood plasma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Are proteins present in the interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Are proteins present in the intra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Are phosphates present in the blood plasma? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are phosphates present in the interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Are phosphates present in the intra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the osmolarity of the extra-cellular and intra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percentage of the body if extra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What percentage of the body if intra-cellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Due to the variation in concentration of aqueous ions, the fluids of the body are said to be in a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What maintains the chemical disequilibrium of the ECF and ICF? |
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Definition
| The use of active transport AND physical barriers such as membranes |
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Term
| As the solutions of ECF and ICF are isosmotic they are are said to be in a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the body counteract the alterations of its chemical disequilibrium? |
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Definition
| By altering the osmotic equilibrium |
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Term
| Which molecules is the lipid bilayer permeable to? |
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Definition
| Lipid soluble, water, small uncharged |
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Term
| Which molecules is the lipid bilayer impermeable to? |
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Definition
| H+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, sugars and amino acids |
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Term
| What are the two types of membrane transport proteins? |
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Definition
| Carrier proteins AND Channel proteins |
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Term
| How do carrier proteins work? |
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Definition
| Substance enters one side, a conformational change occurs, the substrate is then released on the opposite side |
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Term
| How do channel proteins work? |
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Definition
| Contain a channel/pore that allows the diffuson of certain molecules |
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Term
| What is passive transport? |
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Definition
| Movement of molecules that doesn't require energy |
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Term
| What are the two types of passive transport? |
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Definition
| Diffusion AND Facilitated diffusion |
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Term
|
Definition
| Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
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|
Term
| What is facilitated diffusion? |
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Definition
| Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration using a transport protein |
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Term
|
Definition
| A carrier protein that transports only one type of molecule |
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Term
| A GLUT transporter transports which molecule/s? |
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Definition
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Term
| A GLUT transporter is an example of which type of carrier protein? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is active transport? |
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Definition
| Movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using ATP as an energy source |
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|
Term
| What are the two types of active transport? |
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Definition
| Primary active transport AND Secondary active transport |
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|
Term
| What is primary active transport? |
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Definition
| Movement of a molecule from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration driven by the direct hydrolysis of ATP from ATPases |
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|
Term
| What is secondary active transport? |
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Definition
| Movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of low concentration coupled with the driving force of a molecule moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
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Term
| What does the Na+/K+/ATPase pump do? |
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Definition
| Hydrolyses ATP to ADP and in turn pumps 3Na+ out of the cell for every 2k+ in |
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Term
| Why does the Na+/K+/ATPase pump pump Na+ out? |
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Definition
| So that the high concentration of Na+ outside of the membrane can be used to drive other molecules into the cell by secondary active transport |
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Term
|
Definition
| A secondary active transporter that transports both molecules in the same direction |
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Term
|
Definition
| A secondary active transporter that transports both molecules in different directions? |
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|
Term
| What does the Ca2+/Na+ antiport do? |
|
Definition
| Pumps out one Ca2+ ion for one Na+ ion in |
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Term
| What does the Ca2+/ATPase pump do? |
|
Definition
| Pumps out one Ca2+ ion for each ATP hydrolysed to ADP |
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|
Term
| How does glucose enter the intestine cells? |
|
Definition
| Using a Na+/Glucose symporter |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the body using both the GLUT uniport and the Na+/Glucose symporter? |
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Definition
| Each has a different affinity for glucose, so the Na+/Glucose symporter can pump glucose into the intestine cell and the GLUT uniport can pump glucose from the intestine cell into the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| Na+/Glucose AND Na+/Amino Acids |
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Term
|
Definition
| Na+/K+/ATPase pump, Na+/Ca2+ |
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Term
|
Definition
| GLUT and H+/ATPase (Proton pump) |
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