Term
| the separation of 2 articular surfaces perpendicular to the plane of articulation |
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Definition
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Term
| A force of 25% of ptnt's BW sufficient enough to cause what |
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Definition
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Term
| A force of 50% of ptnt's BW needed to cause what |
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Definition
| distract zygapophyseal joints of lumbar spine |
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Term
| A force of 7% of ptnt's BW needed to cause what |
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Definition
| distract zygapophyseal joints of cervical spine |
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Term
| Effects of spinal traction (5) |
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Definition
| joint distraction, reduction of disc protrusion, soft tissue stretching, muscle relaxation, joint mobilization, |
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Term
| What are the possible effects of joint distraction |
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Definition
| may relieve pressure from apophyseal joints and widen intervetebral foramina relieving pressure on pinched or irritated nerve roots |
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Term
| Reduction of disc protrusion is believed to be caused by 1/3 ways |
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Definition
| disc fragment clicks back into place |
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Term
| Reduction of disc protrusion is believed to be caused by 2/3 ways |
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Definition
| suction due to decrease intradiscal pressure pulling displaced parts of the disc back towards the center |
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Term
| Reduction of disc protrusion is believed to be caused by 3/3 ways |
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Definition
| tensing of the PLL at the posterior aspect of the disc, pushing any posterior herniations anteriorly towards their original position |
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Term
| Studies have shown that a force of 60 to 120 lbs can produce these effects |
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Definition
| reduce a disc prolapse, cause retratction of herniated disc material, clinical improvements in patients with herniated discs of the lumbar spine |
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Term
| If the goal is soft tissue stretching, how should traction be set up? |
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Definition
| moderate load, prolonged force |
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Term
| what is the purpose of soft tissue stretching via traction |
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Definition
| may relieve pressure on joint surfaces, and increase ROM and mobility |
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Term
| muscle relaxation via traction facilitates relaxation of which muscles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscle relaxation: Result of pain reduction is due to what |
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Definition
| reduced pressure on the pain-sensitive structures |
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Term
| Muscle relaxation: gating of pain transmission is achieved through what |
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Definition
| stimulation of mechanoreceptors via the oscillatory movements produced by intermittent traction |
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Term
| Muscle relaxation: depression in monosynaptic response is caused by what |
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Definition
| stretching muscles for several seconds |
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Term
| Muscle relaxation: intermittent traction may cause small changes in mm tension to produce muscle relaxation due to what |
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Definition
| stimulating the GTO's to inhibit alpha motor neuron firing |
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Term
| Purpose of joint mobilization through traction (2) |
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Definition
| increased joint mobility, decrease joint related pain |
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Term
| how does joint mobilization decrease joint related pain |
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Definition
| stimulates mechanoreceptors |
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Term
| 5 clinical indications for the use of spinal traction |
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Definition
| disc bulge or herniation, nerve root impingement, joint hypomobility, subacute joint inflammation, paraspinal muscle spasm |
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Term
| Contraindications for spinal traction (7) |
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Definition
| unstable fracture, spinal cord compression, recent spinal surgeries, acute inflammation, joint hypermobility or instability, symptoms peripheralize or worse with traction, uncontrolled HTN |
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Term
| uncontrolled HTN is a contraindication especially with which form of spinal traction? |
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Definition
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Term
| spinal traction precautions (4) |
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Definition
| structural disease (tumor, RA, prolonged steroid use, osteoporosis), pregnancy, hiatal hernia, claustrophia |
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Term
| manipulation of the soft tissue by the hands |
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Definition
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Term
| physiologic benefits of massage: increased...(4) |
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Definition
| blood circulation, lymph flow, distribution of nutrients, joint motion |
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Term
| physiologic benefits of massage: removal of... |
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Definition
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Term
| physiologic benefits of massage: stimulation of (3) |
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Definition
| tissue healing process, ANS, visceral functions |
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Term
| physiologic benefits of massage: resolution of... |
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Definition
| chronic edema or hematoma |
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Term
| physiologic benefits of massage: Other benefits (4) |
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Definition
| pain relief, increased extensibility of connective tissue, facilitation of muscle contraction/activity |
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Term
| physiologic benefits of massage: promotion of.... |
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Definition
| local and general relaxation |
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Term
| psychological benefits of massage (6) |
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Definition
| physical relaxation, decreased anxiety and stress, stimulation of physical activity, relief of pain, general feeling of well being, general comfort from physical contact of therapist's hands |
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Term
| stroking massage technique |
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Definition
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Term
| kneading technique of massage |
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Definition
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Term
| best massage technique for scar management |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| effleurage, petrissage, friction, tapotement, vibration |
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Term
| tapping technique of massage |
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Definition
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Term
| hand shape for percussive tapotement |
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Definition
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Term
| hand shape for hacking tapotement |
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Definition
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Term
| applications of therapeutic message, 2 important considerations |
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Definition
| position limb to assist with venous return, keep the exposed body part well supported |
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Term
| Indications for therapeutic massage (7) |
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Definition
| subacute or chronic pain, muscle spasm, trigger points, muscle hypertonicity, superficial scar formation, chronic edema, postural drainage |
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Term
| indications for therapeutic massage: 2 notes about muscle hypertonicity |
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Definition
| use deep slow massage, results don't last long |
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Term
| contraindications for therapeutic massage: the acutes (4) |
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Definition
| acute hematoma, acute hemorrhaging in the area, acute infection, acute inflammation in the area |
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Term
| contraindications for therapeutic massage: severe x4 +1 S |
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Definition
| severe atherosclerosis, severe cardiac arrhytmia, severe rheumatoid arthritis, severe varicose veins, skin disorders such as psoriasis |
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Term
| contraindications for therapeutic massage: 2x -itis 1x-is |
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Definition
| phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, tuberculosis |
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Term
| contraindications for therapeutic massage: Other categories x6 |
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Definition
| congestive heart failure, edema secondary to kidney dysfunction, hypersensitivity, malignancy under the area of massage, presence of foreign substance, venous insuffiency |
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Term
| shorten the tissue, apply a contact tension and legnthen the tissue or make it slide relatiev to the adjacent tissue |
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Definition
| active release techqniques |
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Term
| innovative, patented form of soft tissue mobilization that enables clinicians to effectively break down scar tissue and fascial restrictions |
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Definition
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Term
| Graston technique for the patient: 4 benefits |
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Definition
| decreases overall time of treatment, fosters faster rehabilitation/recovery, redcues need for anti-inflammatory medications, resolves chronic conditions thought to be permanent |
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