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Definition
| the evolutionary history of a species or group of related species |
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| study of biological diversity in an evolutionary context |
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| ordered array in which fossils appear in strata of sedimentary rocks |
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| eras in Earth's history that are marked in the fossil record by explosive radiations of many new forms of life |
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| use of radioactive isotopes to date fossils |
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| time it takes for 50% of the original radioactive sample to decay into another element |
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| supercontinent that formed 250 million years ago and caused mass extinctions when the total shoreline was greatly reduced |
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| set of new living conditions and resources that presents many previously unexploited opportunities |
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| diagrams that trace the evolutionary relationships (geneology) of organisms |
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| Linnaeus' system of naming organism with both the genus and species name ie: Homo sapiens |
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| highest taxonomic category |
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| taxonomic category second only to domains |
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| taxonomic category that contain related classes of organisms |
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| taxonomic category that contains related orders of organisms |
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| taxonomic category that contains related families of organisms |
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| taxomonic category that contains related genera of organisms |
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| taxomonic category that contains related species of organisms |
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Definition
| taxonomic category at any level- domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
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| taxon that represents all the members derived from a common ancestor |
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Definition
| taxon that contains members derived from two or more ancestral forms not common to all members |
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| taxon the excludes species that share a common ancestor that gave rise to the species included in the taxon |
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| likeness attributed to shared ancestry ie: forelimbs of mammals |
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| species from different evolutionary branches that come to resemble each other due to similar ecological roles |
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| similarity of features due to convergent evolution ex: wings of insects and birds |
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Definition
| measures the extent of hydrogen bonding between single stranded DNA obtained from two sources |
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| pictures of sequences of DNA fragments that have been cut by restriction enzymes |
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Definition
| comparing the nucleotide sequences of DNA segments |
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| taxonomy based on anatomical characteristics (phenotypes) |
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Definition
| classifies organisms according to the order in time that branches arose along a phylogenetic tree |
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| evolutionary "branch" on a phylogenetic tree representing a new species |
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Definition
| species or group of species that is relatively closely related to the group being studied, but not as closely related as the other members |
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| simplist explanation for observed phenomenon |
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