Term
| 1. _____ is the study of the nature, effects, and detection of poisons and the treatment of poisoning. |
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Definition
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| 2. _____ is concerned with the harmful effects of physical and chemical agents in humans. |
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Definition
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| 3. _____ refers to the capacity of an agent to cause injury. |
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Definition
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| 4. _____ refers to the chances of injury. |
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Definition
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Term
| 5. _____ is concerned with chemicals one comes across in the workplace. |
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Definition
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Term
| 6. Industrial employees may be exposed to occupational agents during _____, _____ or _____ of the substance. |
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Definition
| SYNTHESIS, MANUFACTURING, OR PACKAGING |
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Term
| 7. Agricultural workers may be exposed to harmful quantities of _____ during their application in the field. |
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Definition
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Term
| 8. _____ is concerned with toxic substances encountered in food, air, water, and soil. |
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Definition
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Term
| 9. Some chemicals that enter the food chair are defined in terms of their _____. |
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Definition
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| 10. _____ deals with the toxic effects of physical and chemical agents on populations and organisms in a specific ecosystem. |
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Definition
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Term
| 11. _____ enter the body through breathing, and are either absorbed into the blood, or eliminated by the lungs. |
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Definition
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Term
| 12. 5 gasses which are major air pollutants. |
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Definition
| 1) CARBON MONOXIDE, 2) SULFUR DIOXIDE, 3) NITROGEN OXIDE, 4) OZONE, 5) HYDRO CARBONS |
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Term
| 13. _____ is an air pollutant gas known as the silent killer. |
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Definition
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Term
| 14. 2 particulate air pollutants. |
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Definition
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Term
| 15. Asbestos exposure can cause _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| MESOTHELIOMA AND LUNG CANCER |
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Term
| 16. _____ are a group of lung diseases resulting from inhalation of particles from industrial substances which causes permanent deposition of substantial amounts of such particles in the lungs. |
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Definition
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Term
| 17. 3 different classes of pneumoconiosis. |
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Definition
| 1) SILICOSIS, 2) ASBESTIOSIS, 3) COAL WORKER PNEUMOCONIOSIS |
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Term
| 18. A _____ is a substance that occurs in the environment, at least in part as a result of human activity, and which has an injurious effect on a living organism. |
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Definition
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Term
| 19. Air pollution is a product of _____, _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| INDUSTRIALIZATION, TECHNOLOGIC DEVELOPMENT, AND INCREASED URBANIZATION |
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Term
| 20. _____ is a colorless, odorless, nonirritating gas produces from incomplete burning of organic matter. |
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Definition
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Term
| 21. _____ is the most frequent cause of death from poisoning. |
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Definition
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Term
| 22. Carbon monoxide is a component of _____, which contributes about 56% of all carbon monoxide emissions nationwide. |
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Definition
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Term
| 23. Who is at risk from carbon monoxide poisoning? |
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Definition
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Term
| 24. These 5 certain groups are more vulnerable to the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning. |
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Definition
| 1) FETUSES, 2) INFANTS, 3) PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC HEART DISEASE, 4) PEOPLE WITH ANEMIA, 5) PEOPLE WITH RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS |
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Term
| 25. Each near more than _____ Americans die from unintentional indoor CO poisoning, and more than _____ commit suicide by intentionally poisoning themselves. |
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Definition
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Term
| 26. CO poisoning is very common in neonates and fetuses, because _____ is more sensitive to binding by carbon monoxide. |
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Definition
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Term
| 27. Carbon monoxide poisoning account for _____ emergency department stopovers every year in the US. |
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Definition
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Term
| 28. 8 places CO can be found. |
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Definition
| 1) TOBACCO SMOKE, 2) BURNING FUMES, 3) CAR AND TUCK EMISSIONS, 4) STOVES, 5) LANTERNS, 6) BURNING CHARCOAL AND WOOD, 7) GAS RANGES, 8) HEATING SYSTEMS |
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Term
| 29. CO is a major pollutant found in _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 30. 3 differential diagnosis of CO poisoning. |
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Definition
| 1) HEAD INJURY, 2) DRUG OR CHEMICAL INTOXICATION LIKE CYANIDE OR HYDROGEN SULFIDE EXPOSURE, 3) INFECTION LIKE MENINGITIS OR ENCEPHALITIS |
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Term
| 31. Carbon monoxide competes for and combines with the oxygen binding site of hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin resulting in cellular _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 32. CO is a chemical _____, in that it decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin. |
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Definition
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Term
| 33. The binding affinity of CO for hemoglobin is _____x higher than oxygen itself. |
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Definition
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Term
| 34. CO directly inhibits _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 35. _____ is an enzyme complex of the inner mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome C to oxygen as part of the process by which oxygen is used by the cell for fuel combustion. |
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Definition
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Term
| 36. A CT of a patients brains with CO poisoning can reveal lesions in the _____, _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| BASAL GANGLIA, LIMBIC SYSTEM, AND CEREBELLUM |
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Term
| 37. People who breathe in high levels of CO can develop these 4 symptoms. |
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Definition
| 1) VISION PROBLEMS, 2) REDUCED ABILITY TO WORK, 3) REDUCED MANUAL DEXTERITY, 4) DIFFICULTY PERFORMING COMPLEX TASKS |
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Term
| 38. Survivors of CO poisoning may develop memory and cognitive defects, or in rare cases they can develop _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 39. The health threat from lower levels of CO is most serious for those who suffer from _____ like angina, clogged arteries, or CHF. |
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Definition
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Term
| 40. Carbon monoxide poisoning causes _____, and damages the _____ layer of blood vessels. |
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Definition
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Term
| 41. Indoor levels of _____ppm of CO can reduce exercise capacity, and aggravate myocardial infraction. |
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Definition
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Term
| 42. _____ is a mixture of fog and smoke that sometimes hangs in the air. It is a form of air pollution produced by the reaction of sunlight with hydrocarbons, nitrogen compounds, and other gasses primarily released in automobile exhaust. |
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Definition
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Term
| 43. Smog is common in _____ and _____ especially during hot, sunny weather where it appears as a brownish haze that can irritate the eyes and lungs. |
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Definition
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Term
| 44. _____ is a toxic gas that is not normally produced at lower atmospheric levels, which is one of the primary pollutants created in smog. |
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Definition
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Term
| 45. _____ contributes to the formation of smog, which can trigger serious respiratory problems. |
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Definition
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Term
| 46. These are the 7 most common symptoms of CO poisoning. |
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Definition
| 1) HEADACHE, 2) DIZZINESS, 3) WEAKNESS, 4) NAUSEA, 5) VOMITING, 6) CHEST PAIN, 7) CONFUSION |
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Term
| 47. High levels of CO inhalation can cause _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND DEATH |
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Term
| 48. People who are _____ or _____ can die from CO poisoning before ever experiencing symptoms. |
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Definition
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Term
| 49. _____ from CO poisoning are commonly associated with affective disturbances. |
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Definition
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Term
| 50. _____ is a metal disorder characterized by impairment in short and long term memory with anterograde and sometime retrograde amnesia occurring in a normal state of consciousness. |
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Definition
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Term
| 51. Acute CO poisoning is suggested by these 3 things. |
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Definition
| 1) CHERRY RED COLORATION OF THE SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES, 2) RAISED CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN LEVELS, 3) CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA |
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Term
| 52. In a patient with CO poisoning, a CT brain scan may demonstrate lucencies in the _____ and _____. |
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Definition
| BASAL GANGLIA, AND DENTATE NUCLEI |
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Term
| 53. 3 warning signs of CO poisoning. |
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Definition
| 1) IF OTHER PEOPLE IN THE HOME OR WORKPLACE SUFFER SIMILAR SYMPTOMS, 2) SYMPTOMS TEND TO DISAPPEAR WHEN YOU GO AWAY, 3) SYMPTOMS TEND TO BE SEASONAL |
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Term
| 54. 6 treatments of CO poisoning. |
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Definition
| 1) REMOVAL FROM THE SOURCE OF CO, 2) MAINTENANCE OF RESPIRATION, 3) CALL 911, 4) CALL POISON CONTROL, 5) ADMINISTRATION OF OXYGEN, 6) HYPERBARIC OXYGEN IN SEVER POISONING CASES |
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Term
| 55. What is the antidote for CO poisoning? |
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Definition
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Term
| 56. 7 indications for the need of hyperbaric oxygen treatment. |
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Definition
| 1) LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS, 2) PREGNANCY,3 ) EVIDENCE OF END-ORGAN DAMAGE, 4) INITIAL CO LEVEL GREATER THAN 25%, 5) AGE GREATER THAN 50 YEARS, 6) METABOLIC ACIDOSIS, 7) CEREBELLAR DYSFUNCTION |
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Term
| 57. 4 ways to prevent CO poisoning. |
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Definition
| 1) HAVE CHIMNEYS AND FLUES CHECKED REGULARLY, 2) INSPECT GAS APPLIANCES AND HEATING SYSTEMS EACH YEAR, 3) USE CO ALARMS, 4) NEVE RUN GAS ENGINES IN A CLOSED GARAGE |
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Term
| 58. Todays sophisticated emission control systems on vehicles are designed to keep pollution to a minimum, but vehicles quickly become polluters when their emission controls _____, or if drivers _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 59. What should people do when CO detectors go off and they are exhibiting symptoms? |
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Definition
| IMMEDIATELY LEAVE THE HOUSE AND CALL 9-1-1 FROM A NEIGHBORS HOUSE |
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Term
| 60. What should people do when CO detectors go off and they are asymptomatic? |
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Definition
| OPEN ALL WINDOWS AND DOORS TO VENTILATE HOUSE, AND HAVE ALL FOSSIL FUEL APPLIANCES INSPECTED |
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Term
| 61. 5 ways to avoid CO poisoning when power is out. |
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Definition
| 1) NEVER USE GAS OVEN FOR HEATING, 2) NER USE BBQ GRILL INDOORS, 3) NEVER BURN CHARCOAL INDOORS, 4) NEVER USE A PORTABLE GAS CAMP STOVE INDOORS, 5) NEVER USE A GENERATOR INDOORS |
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Term
| 62. 3 ways to avoid CO poisoning in a vehicle. |
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Definition
| 1) GET EXHAUST SYSTEM CHECKED EVERY YEAR, 2) NEVER RUN A CAR IN AN INCLOSED SPACE, 3) IF YOU HAVE A VEHICLE WITH A TAILGATE, OPEN VENTS OR WINDOWS WHEN YOU OPEN THE TAILGATE |
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