Term
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Definition
| inhalation, ingestion, and dermal - occupational exposure |
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Term
| Where does DDT get distributed? |
|
Definition
| liver, nervous system, and reproductive organs - stored in fat |
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Term
|
Definition
| yes, slowly to DDE and DDD then to DDA |
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Term
|
Definition
| in urine - can go through breast milk |
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Term
|
Definition
| reduces K transport, ihibits Na channels, inhibits neuronal ATPase, inhibits calmodulin's ability to transport Ca |
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Term
| How do you normally get exposed to paraquat? |
|
Definition
| ingestion - accidental or intentional - inhalation and dermal aren't major routes |
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Term
| What systems does paraquat affect? |
|
Definition
| all - especially lungs, liver, kidneys, and the heart - it can be fatal |
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Term
| What is the main target organ of paraquat? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How does paraquat damage the lungs? |
|
Definition
| it get taken into alveolar cells where it forms free radicals - these attack unsaturated lipids of cell membranes - damages the membrane and results in loss of function of that cell - you wind up get fibrotic lung disease |
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Term
| Is there treatment for paraquat exposure? |
|
Definition
| no - you can give support care and try to remove as much paraquat as possible, but there's no antidote |
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Term
| What organs/systems does pentachlorophenol affect? |
|
Definition
| liver, immune, kidneys, blood GI tract, nervous system, lungs |
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Term
| How specifically does pentacholophenol cause damage? |
|
Definition
| it makes lipid bilayers more permeable to ions and binds with plasma proteins - it can cut off the linkage between the respiratory chain and the phosphorylation system which cuts off the ATP supply and synthesis - this is uncoupling |
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Term
| What is the half life of pentachlorophenol? How is excreted? |
|
Definition
| about 33 hours - most of it isn't biotransformed and is excreted in urine |
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Term
| How does one get exposed to warfarin? |
|
Definition
| ingestion - absorbed via the GI tract |
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Term
| Where does warfarin get distributed? |
|
Definition
| binds to plasma proteins - widely distributed |
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Term
| What cycle does warfarin interfere with? What does it cause? |
|
Definition
| vitamin K - it's a vit K antagonist - which neutralizes vitamin K dependent coagulation factors * hemorrhage |
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Term
| Where is warfarin metabolized? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is warfarin excreted? |
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Definition
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Term
| What will counteract warfarin? Are there drugs that modulate the effects of warfarin? |
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Definition
| vitamin K - yes, aspirin and other anti-inflammatories |
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