Term
|
Definition
| Taking food into the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Grinding or mincing food with the teeth and mixing with saliva from the salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary waves of smooth muscle contract that move materials through the GI tract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemical breakdown of large molecules into small ones so that absorption can occur. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The movement of end products of digestion from the lumen of the digestive tract into the blood and lymph circulation so that they can be used by body cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elimination of undigested wastes and bacteria from the tract as feces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Transports food from pharynx (throat) to stomach by peristalsis.
Contains no digestive enzymes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Primarily for food storage. Activity in the stomach forms chyme and propels it to the duodenum.
Secretes pepsin, hydrochloric acid, mucus, and intrinsic factor.
Gastric juices initiate digestion of protein and fat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Completes digestion that started int he mouth.
Absorbs products of digestion.
Moves undigested residue to large intestine via peristalsis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The large, elongated gland located behind the greater curvature of the stomach.
Contains endocrine adn exocrine glands. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Produces bile to emulsify fats.
-stores glycogen to maintain blood sugar levels.
-forms urea from excess amino acids and nitrogenous wastes
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Concentrates and stores bile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Absorbs 80-90% of water and electrolytes and reduces chyme to a semi-slid mass.
Produces no digestive enzymes or hormones
Bacteria present int he colon produce vitamin K, riboflavin, and thiamin.
Excretes waste and feces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abdomino/o, lapar/o, celi/o |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to surgical puncture of the abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use of a scope to penetrate the abdomen wall to stufy the abdominal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to incision into the abdominal cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Discharge from the prostate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oral cavity forming the beginning of the digestive system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structures of the jaws for biting and masticating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chief organ of taste
Aids in mastication, swallowing and speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pertaiin to the saliva.
Glands in the outh that secrete saliva |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Membranous passage extending from the pharynx to the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The musculomembranous expansion of the digestive tract.
Between the esophagus and duadenum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first portion of the small intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part of the small intestine from teh duodenum to the ileum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Last portion of the small intestine.
Between the jejunum and cecum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A large, elongated gland situated behind the stomach.
Secretes digestive enzymes externally.
Secretes insulin and glucagon internally. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Large gland in upper part of the abdomen on th right side.
Stoarge and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, conversion of sugars into glycogen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The pear-shaped reservoir for bile, behind the lives
Stores and concentrates bile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The first part of teh large intestine
A dilated pouch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Porition of the colon from the cecum to the hepatic flexture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portion of the large intestine passing transversely across teh upper part of teh abdomen.
Between the hepatic and splenic flexure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Potion of the colon from the splenic flexure to the sigmoid colon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Potion of te large intestine between descending colon and rectum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The last portion of the large intestine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Opening of the rectum on the body surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Union of 2 surfaces normall separate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, interfering with personal health and economy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lack or loss of appetite for food
Pscyhological condition characterized by symptoms of undernutrition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the appendix, which may rupture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An extremely sever type of food poisoning caused by a neurotoxin (botulinum) produced by Clostridium botulinum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Damage to the lining of the small intestine caused by inability to digest fluten found in wheat, resulting in malabsorption of nutrients and malnutrition, if untreated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interstitial inflammatoion of an organ, particularly the liver. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital fissure or split of the lip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital fissure or split of the roof of the mouth |
|
|
Term
| Colitis (definition and 2 forms) |
|
Definition
Inflammation of the colon.
2 forms (ulcerative or spastic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a crypt, especially the anal crypt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the diverticula, the pouches that form the walls of teh large intestine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive leanness caused by diseaes or lack of nutrition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Material expelled from tehstomach during vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congential absence of the opening between esophagus and stomach. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enlarged, incompetent veins in teh distal esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hernia into the femoral canal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A bend or fold
I.e. hepatic flexure of the colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Peptic or duodenal tissue inflammation of the stomach or intestinal linings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the stomach lining |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammatino fo the stomach and intestine caused by ingested harmful bacterial toxin. |
|
|
Term
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
|
Definition
| Flow of gastric acid contents back up into the esophagus causing heartburn and, if chronic, esophagitis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inflammation of the liver.
Includes types A, B, C, D, and E. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protrusion of a portion of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protrusion of any structure through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital megacolon resulting from absence of autonomic ganglia in a segment of smooth muscle that normall stimulates peristalsis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Condition of being impacted.
A collectino of hardened feces int he rectum or sigmoid colon. |
|
|
Term
| Inguinal (clinical disorder) |
|
Definition
| Hernia into the inguinal canal (either direct or indirect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prolapse of a part of the instestine into the lumen of an immediately adjacent part |
|
|
Term
| Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or spastic colon |
|
Definition
| Increased motility of the small or large intestine causing nausea, pain, anorexia, and trapping of gas throughout the intestinal tract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal black, tarry stool containing digested blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Common symptoms in many GI disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Body mass index of greater than or equal to 30 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Precancerous lesion in the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the peritoneal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A congential inability to metabolize phenylalanine, a component of protein.
May lead to retardatino. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The formation of numerous polyps (growth hanging from a thin stalk) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An obstruction of the pyloric orifice of the stomach, congenital or acquired. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hernia of the rectum through the vaginal floor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A local defect of the surface of an organ or tissue |
|
|
Term
| Umbilical (clinical disorder) |
|
Definition
| Protrusion of the abdominal contents through the abdominal wall at the umbilicus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical formation of a connection between two parts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of tissue for microscopic diagnosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A shunt.
A surgically created pathway. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surigcal repair of a lip defect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excision of the gallbladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surigcal formation of an opening into the duodenum that connects it with the common bile duct. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical creatino of an opening (stoma) between the colon and the body surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excision of the stomach, may be partial or subtotal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of a hernia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical creation of an opening into the ileum with a stoma on the abdominal wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision through abny part of teh abdominal wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connecting the portal vein and inferior vena cava to bypass a cirrhotic liver/. |
|
|
Term
| Stomach stapling (gastric bypass) |
|
Definition
Part of the stomach stapled to permit passage of a small amount of food.
Used to treat gorss obesity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cutting the vagus nerve to reduce stomach stimulation.
Used to treat an ulcer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Also called upper GI series.
The oral administration of a radiopaque contrast medium to view the esophagus by x-ray, while swallowing, to detect abnormalities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal and examination, usually microscopic, of tissue from the living body, performed for diagnosis. |
|
|
Term
| Blood tests or laboratory tests |
|
Definition
Chemical analyses of various substances in the blood to make diagnoses.
I.E. Comprehensive Metabolic Panel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-ray examination of the bile ducts, using a radiopaque dye as a contrast medium. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Endoscopic examination of the colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Insertion of the gloved finger into the rectum or vagina. |
|
|
Term
| Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) |
|
Definition
| Using endoscopes to examine esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. |
|
|
Term
| Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) |
|
Definition
| One treatment optino for gallstones, using ultrasound to send shock waves to crush the gallstones, allowing contract of the gallbladder to remove stone fragments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An x-ray film of the abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radiological technique to examine the function of an organ |
|
|
Term
| Gastrointestinal series (GIs) |
|
Definition
An examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract using barium as the contrast medium for a series of x-ray films.
Also called a barium meal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inspection of the stomach's interior with a gastroscope |
|
|
Term
| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
|
Definition
| Noninvasive scanning to visualize fluid and soft and bone tissue; very precise and accurate. |
|
|
Term
| Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) |
|
Definition
| A clinical method to examine the bile duct, using a needle to pass directly into the bile duct and inject a contrast medium that can be seen by specialized equipment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inspection of the sigmoid and rectum with a proctoscope. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An image produced using a moving detector or a sweeping beam of radiation. |
|
|
Term
| Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) |
|
Definition
An enzyme in high concentration in liver cells.
High amouints in the blood indicate diasease of liver cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A small stool sample for laboratory study (i.e. occult blood, parasites). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using ultrasound to obtain a visual record of any organ. |
|
|
Term
| How many quadrants does the abdomen have? Name them |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many divisions does the abdomen have? Name them. |
|
Definition
9.
(From right to left columns)
-R hypochondriac, R Lumbar, R Ingiunal
-epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric
-L hypochondriac, L Lumbar, L inguinal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Under, decreased, deficient, below |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Above, over, excess, increased, beyond. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive bilirubin in blood as a result of liver dysfunction or malfunction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The uptake from the intestine of fluids, solkutes, proteins, fats, and other nutrients into the intestinal wall calles, blood, lymph, or body fluids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Building up, using nutrients (proteins) for growth and development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Burning nutrients; breakdown in the presence of oxygen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Primary (baby) teeth replaced by permanent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The act of converting food and fluids into chemical substances that can be absorbed and assimilated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excreting solid waste (feces) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thin leaf-shaped structure posterior to root of tongue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unique sound resulting from the body attempting to bring air from the stomach through the mouth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excreting body solid and liquid waste (feces and urine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Front teeth used for biting, tearing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Taking food, liquids, drugs by mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Crushing and grinding teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Small rough elevations on tongue and roof of mouth.
Contain taste buds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of inflammatory gum disorders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscular movement of food and liquid through the GI tract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wide, short tube, commonly called the windpipe.
Below the larynx and enters the thoracic cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small cone-shaped tissue hanging from soft palate of the mouth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decreased motility of the lower two-thirds of the esophagus.
Constriction of the lower esophageal spincter (muscle between the esophagus and stomach). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Generalized massive edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of (edematrous) fluid within the peritoneal cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Severe malnutrition and wasting, emaciation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal thinness caused by lack of nutrition or by disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tooth decay formed from microorganism maintained in the mouth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Introduction of fluid into the rectum to promote evacuation of feces or to administer nutrient or medicinal substances. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A disease of the intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A protein produced in a cell.
Capable of facilitating a specific biologic or chemical reaction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An abnormal passage between two internal organs, or leading to the body surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Substances containing antibodies.
Provide passive immunity in some people against certain infectious diseases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Forced feeding, especially through a tube passed into the stomach. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the tongue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An intravenous feeding program similar to total parenteral nutrition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Concerned with the function of nutrition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the tongue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A soft flexible tube introduced through the nose into the stomach for gavage, lavage, or suction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No food or fluid by mouth or other body orifice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The peritoneal cavity.
Membrane lining abdominal walls and pelvis, body cavities, and surrounding the contained viscera. |
|
|
Term
| Oral cavity (alternative name) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aritifically created opening (mouth) on the surface of the abdomen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fungal infection of the moiuth caused by Candida albicans.
Painful creamy white raised patches on the tongue and oral mucosa. |
|
|
Term
| Total parenteral nutrition |
|
Definition
| Intensive intravenous feeding most often introduced through a subclavian vein. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A large interior organ in a body cavity, especially the abdomen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loop of bowel twisting on itself resulting in bowel obstruction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prevents or treats diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prevents or relieves nasea and vomiting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Treats and prevents peptic ulcer and gastric hypersecretion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to an open sore with inflammation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
