Term
Label this diagram of the eye:
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| is a transparent covering of the eye and assists in focusing light coming into the eye |
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| is transparent and focuses the light entering the eye, changing its shape based on whether objects are close or far |
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| is the white part of the eye |
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| is the colored part of the eye |
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| is the opening to the eye that gets larger and smaller to let more or less light into the eye |
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Term
| is a thin lining of the back of the eye that is sensitive to light and is nourished by the retinal vessels |
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Definition
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| is the center of the retina and contains a high density of photoreceptor cells that enables site of fine details (sensory organ) |
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| is the center of the macula and the location of the sharpest image |
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| consists of a bundle of nerve fibers that sends visual information to the brain |
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Definition
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Term
-Intracellular residue on the macular region between the retinal pigment epithelial cells and Bruch’s membrane
-Appears as dots of yellow or white lying below retinal vessels resulting in a loss of central vision and central visual field |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some functional consequences of macular degeneration? |
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Definition
-Loss of contrast sensitivity
-Difficulty reading print and identifying faces
-Difficulty with depth cues and distance
-Loss of color and contrast sensitivity leading to: Mobility difficulty, Image distortion, and Blurred vision |
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Term
| Opacity or clouding of the lens of the eye. Interferes with the passing of light. [image] |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some functional consequences of cataracts? |
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Definition
-Decreased: Visual activity, Contrast sensitivity, and Color perception
-Difficulty in detail perception
-Loss of perception of depth and distance
-Blurred vision |
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Term
| Damage to the retina associated with complications with diabetes mellitus |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some functional consequences of diabetic retinopathy? |
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Definition
| Glare disability, decreased acuity, decreased dark/light adaptation, possible blindness, loss of color and contrast sensitivity, etc. |
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Term
| Occurs when a sustained increase in intracellular pressure damages the retinal nerve fibers. Results in the gradual degeneration of the optic nerve. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some functional consequences of glaucoma? |
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Definition
-Decreased ability to function in dim light
-Decreased dark adaptation
-Glare disability
-Gradual loss of visual fields
-Severe visual impairment
-Possible blindness
-Difficulty reading and writing due to narrowed visual field |
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| What are some clinical adjustments that we can make for overall poor vision (presbyopia)? |
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Definition
| Increase illumination and advise use of corrective lenses to focus the light, especially during auditory rehabilitation |
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Term
| What are some clinical adjustments that we can make for age-related decreases in the visual field? |
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Definition
-Increase illumination without increasing glare
-Increase contrast during interactions with patients
-Use large-print materials and large images on written instructions and when performing paper-and-pencil evaluations
-Establish eye contact and position yourself in person’s line of sight |
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Term
| What are some clinical adjustments that we can make for age-related decreases in contrast sensitivity? |
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Definition
Use:
-Magnifiers
-Good illumination
-Bright colors (e.g., red and yellow)
-Contrast between colors(e.g., dark object on a bright surface)
-Contrasting colors (e.g., blue and yellow) for identifying and locating information such as hearing aid controls |
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Term
| What are some clinical adjustments that we can make for age-related decreases in dark adaptation? |
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Definition
-Advise the patient to take a moment to dark/light adapt
-Use sunglasses to facilitate speechreading ability
-Avoid abrupt changes in lighting when moving from light to dim environments |
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Term
| What are some clinical adjustments that we can make for age-related decreases in glare? |
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Definition
-Advise patient to use less fluorescent lighting
-Use of visors and hats with brims to promote speechreading ability
-Light should be even and from multiple sources to ensure adequate light levels without glare
-Curtains or blinds should be adjusted to diffuse sunlight and to prevent direct illumination
-Shiny surfaces, reflective fixtures, or waxed floors add to problems created by glare |
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