Term
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Definition
First a gene is transcribed to produce an mRNA then mRNA is then translated on a ribosome on order to produce a protein |
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Term
| Gene expression in bacteria |
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Definition
DNA -- transcription -- RNA -- translation --protein |
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Term
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Definition
Enzyme responsible for making the mRNA molecule during transcription |
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Term
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Definition
Region on the DNA where the RNA polymerase binds
->region to which it is always "upstream" of the genes which is to be transcribed. RNA polymerase moves from the promoter down the DNA, copying the sequence of DNA nucleotides of the genes into RNA nucleotides of mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
Genes on the bacterial chromosome are often arranged in groups in which all genes of that group are transcribed onto the same mRNA molecule |
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Term
| Group of genes are called |
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Definition
| Operon or transcripotion unit |
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Term
| What bacteria did we use in this experiment? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lac Operon contains two parts: |
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Definition
Structural genes and the regulatory regions |
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Term
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Definition
lacZ, lacY, lacA
produce the enzymes involved in lactose and metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
Encodes an enzyme called beta-galactosidase which is responsible for cleaving the disaccharide lactose into its component monosaccharide--glucose and galactose |
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Term
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Definition
Encodes a transport protein called lactose permease, which is responsible for bringing lactose into the cell |
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Term
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Definition
Encodes an enzyme called transacetylase whose function in lactose metabolism is unclear |
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Term
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Definition
lacI, CAP, P, O
involved in regulation of transcription of the structural genes |
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Term
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Definition
Region is the lac promoter where RNA polymerase binds to the DNA |
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Term
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Definition
Region called operator. The operator region overlaps the lac promoter. A protein called lac repressor binds to the operator and inhibits transcription of the operon by blocking RNA polymerase |
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Term
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Definition
Gene is responsible for producing the lac repressor. It is adjacent to, but not actually a part of the lac operon |
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Term
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Definition
Binding site for a protein called the catabolite activator protein. CAP protein is a positive regulator of transcription, so that when it is bound to the CAP site, transcription of the operon is increased |
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Term
| Effects of lactose and glucose on binding of the lac repressor or CAP proteins to the lac operon |
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Definition
Lactose Effects. Glucose Effects
lactose lac repressor Glucose CAP protein
present Not bound Present Not bound
absent Bound Absent Bound |
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Term
| The beta-galactosidase reaction |
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Definition
Lactose --B-galactosidase-> glucose + galactose |
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Term
Non-natural substrate, ONPG
color: yellow product produced |
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Definition
Used instead of lactose to detect the activity of B-galactosidase
ONPG--B-galactosidase-> o-nitrophenol + galactose |
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Term
| What determines whether or not the lac repressor will be bound to the lac operator? |
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Definition
| Lactose (if present, repressor not bound) |
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Term
| What determines whether or not the CAP protein will be bound to the CAP site? |
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Definition
| Glucose (present, not CAP bound, not present CAP bound) |
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Term
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Definition
Lactose
glucose + lactose
glycerol
glucose |
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Term
| Which has a greater influence on gene expression, CAP or the lac repressor when both proteins are present on the lac operon? |
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Definition
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Term
| what was the purpose of applying CHCl3 (Chloroform) to the E. coli cultures in your test tubes? |
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Definition
| the main purpose of buffer Z is to maintain the proper pH for the optimal functioning of beta-galactosidase |
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Term
| RNA Polymerase binds to what part of the lac operon? |
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Definition
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Term
| the lac Z gene codes for what enzyme? |
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Definition
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Term
| which of the following is a regulatory gene for the lac operon? |
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Definition
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