Term
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Definition
Motrin®, Advil®
Class: NSAID
MOA: Reversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 (COX-1 and 2) enzymes, which result in decreased formation of prostaglandin precursors; has antipiretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties
Pregnancy: C/D (in 3rd trimester) |
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Term
Side Effects of Ibuprofen |
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Definition
Common SE: dyspepsia, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, rash, elevated liver transaminases, fluid retention, tinnitus, ecchymosis, photosensitivity
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Term
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Definition
Prednisone Intensol™, Sterapred®, Sterapred® DS, Deltasone®
Class: Corticosteroid
MOA: Decreases inflammation by suppression og migration of PMNs and reversal of increased capillary permeability; supresses the immune system by reducing activity and volume of the lymphatic system; supresses adrenal function at high doses. Antitumor effects may be related to inhibition of glucose transport, phosphorylation, or induction of cell death in immature lymphocytes. Antiemetic effects are thought to occur due to blockade of cerebral innervation of the emetic center via inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
Side Effects of Prednisone |
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Definition
| Common SE: sodium and fluid retention, increased sweating, headache, vertigo, insomnia, nervousness, mood swings, edema, elevated BP, glucose intolerance, bruising, facial erythema, menstrual irregularities, hypokalemia, increased intraocular pressure, impaired wound healing, Cushing syndrome, skin pigmentation abnormality, hirsutism, itching |
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Term
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Definition
Ultram®, Ultram® ER
Class: Opioid Analgesic
MOA: Binds to the mu-opiate receptor in the CNS causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways, altering the perception of and response to pain; also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotinin, which also modifies the ascending pain pathway
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
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Definition
| Common SE: dizziness, nausea, constipation, somnolence, vomiting, itching, CNS stimulation, asthenia, increased sweating, dyspepsia, xerostomia, diarrhea, flushing |
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Term
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Definition
Prinizide®, Zestoretic®
Class: ACE inhibitor, thiazide diuretic
MOA: Competitively inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme and prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, results in lower levels of angiotensin II which causes an increase in plasma renin activity and a reduction in aldosterone secretion; inhibits distal convoluted tubule sodium and chloride resorption
Pregnancy: C/D/D |
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Term
Side Effects of Lisinopril/HCTZ |
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Definition
| Common SE: cough, dizziness, hypotension, fatigue, myalgia, dyspepsia, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, rash, elevated BUN, hyperuricemia, itching, hyperglycemia, photosensitivity, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hyponatremia, sexual dysfunction |
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Term
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Definition
Prozac®, Prozac® Weekly, Sarafem®, Selfemra™
Class: SSRI
MOA: Inhibits CNS neuron serotonin reuptake, minimal or no effect on reuptake of norepinephrine or dopamine
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
Side Effects of Fluoxetine |
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Definition
| Common SE: nausea, headache, insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, asthenia, diarrhea, anorexia, dizziness, dry mouth, tremor, dyspepsia, sweating, ejaculatory dysfunction, constipation, flu syndrome, decreased libido, rash, abnormal vision, urinary disorder |
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Term
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Definition
Ativan®
Class: Benzodiazepine
MOA: Binds to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA neuron at several sites within the central nervous system, including the limbic system. Enhancement of the inhibitory effects of GABA on neuronal excitability results by increased neuronal membrane permeability to chloride ions. The shift in chloride ions results in hyperpolarization (a less excitable state) and stabilization
Pregnancy: D
Schedule: CIV |
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Term
Side Effects of Lorazepam |
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Definition
| Common SE: sedation, dizziness, asthenia, ataxia, local injection site rxn, respiratory depression, hypoventilation (IV use), hypotension, fatigue, amnesia, confusion, disinhibition, irritability, libido changes, menstrual irregularities, diplopia, dysarthria, appetite change, constipation, incontinence, urinary retention, dystonia, elevated liver transaminases |
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Term
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Definition
Coumadin®, Jantoven®
Class: Anticoagulant
MOA: Hepatic synthesis of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, as well as protein C and S, required the presence of vitamin K. Warfarin competitively inhibits the vitamin K epoxide reductace enzyme to deplete the functional vitamin K reserves, hence reducing the synthesis of active clotting factors
Pregnancy: X |
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Term
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Definition
| Common SE: bleeding, bruising easily, abdominal cramps/pain, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence/bloating, fatigue/malaise, lethargy, asthenia, headache, dizziness, taste changes, pruritus, edema, dermatitis, rash/urticaria, fever, cold intolerance, paresthesias, alopecia |
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Term
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Definition
Klonopin®
Class: Benzodiazepine
MOA: Binds to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA neuron at several sites within the central nervous system, including the limbic system. Enhancement of the inhibitory effects of GABA on neuronal excitability results by increased neuronal membrane permeability to chloride ions. The shift in chloride ions results in hyperpolarization (a less excitable state) and stabilization
Pregnancy: D
Schedule: CIV |
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Term
Side Effects of Clonazepam |
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Definition
| Common SE: drowsiness, impaired coordination, dizziness, depression, fatigue, dysarthria, amnesia, asthenia, confusion, impaired concentration, disinhibition, libido changes, irritability, dystonia, diplopia, appetite change, constipation, incontinence, urinary retention, hypotension, rash, elevated LFTs |
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Term
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Definition
Flonase®
Class: Nasal corticosteroid
MOA: Inhibits multiple inflammatory cytokines; produces multiple glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid effects; extremely potent vasoconstictive and anti-inflammatory activity
Pregnancy: C |
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Term
Side Effects of Fluticasone nasal |
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Definition
| Common SE: headache, pharyngitis, epistaxis, nasal burning, nasal irritation, nausea, vomiting, asthma symptoms, cough, dizziness, rhinorrhea, bronchitis, diarrhea, pyrexia, abdominal pain |
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Term
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Definition
Flexeril®, Amrix®, Fexmid™
Class: Skeletal muscle relaxant
MOA: Centrally-acting skeletal muscle relaxant pharmacologically related to tricyclic antidepressants; reduces tonic somatic motor activity influencing both alpha and gamma motor neurons
Pregnancy: B |
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Term
Side Effects of Cyclobenzaprine |
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Definition
| Common SE: drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, headache, constipation, nausea, dyspepsia, taste changes, blurred vision, nervousness, confusion, photosensitivity |
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