Term
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Definition
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| HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor |
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Label use
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CV: Reduce risk of MI /stroke & revascularization procedures and angina in patients with multiple risk , DM, factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), HTN, retinopathy, smoking, albuminuria, evident CHD. HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA:Adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total-C, LDL-C, apolipoprotein B (apo B), and TG levels, and increase HDL-C in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (heterozygous familial and nonfamilial) and mixed dyslipidemia Reduce LDL C and total C
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Mechanism of action
| Increases rate at which body removes cholesterol from blood and reduces production of cholesterol by inhibiting enzyme that catalyzes early rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis; increases HDL; reduces LDL, VLDL, and TGs |
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Label use
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Short-term treatment of heartburn and other symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); short-termreatment in healing and symptomatic resolution of erosive esophagitis; maintenance of symptom resolution and healing of erosive esophagitis; in combination with amoxicillin and clarithromycin for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease to eradicate H. pylori; reduction in occurrence of gastric ulcers associated with continuous NSAID therapy in patients at risk of developing gastric ulcers; long-term treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions, including Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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Mechanism of action
| Suppresses gastric acid secretion by blocking proton pump within gastric parietal cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Anti-platelet agent/Aggregation inhibitor
Label use
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Reduction of atherosclerotic events (eg, MI, stroke, vascular death) in patients with atherosclerosis documented by recent stroke, recent MI, or established peripheral arterial disease; treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (unstable angina/non–ST-segment elevation MI), including patients managed with coronary revascularization; treatment of ACS in patients with ST-segment elevation acute MI.
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Mechanism of action
| Clopidogrel is a thienopyridine derivative, chemically related to ticlopidine, which inhibits platelet aggregation. It acts by irreversibly modifying the platelet adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor. Therefore, platelet aggregation is inhibited for both ADP-mediated and ADP-amplified (by other agonists) platelet activation. Consequently, platelets exposed to clopidogrel are affected for the remainder of their lifespan |
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Term
| Fluticasone and salmeterol |
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Definition
Therapeutic Category
| Inhaled corticosteroid & B2 agonist |
Label use
| For the treatment of asthma in patients 4 yo (disk) & older & in pt 12 y+ (Advair HFA); maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with COPD, including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema (Diskus); to reduce exacerbations of COPD in patients with a history of exacerbations (Diskus 250/50 only). |
Mechanism of action
| Fluticasone: Inhibits multi cells types (eg, mast cells) & mediator production/secretion (eg, histamine) in asthma response. Salmeterol: Produces bronchodilation by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle through beta-2 receptor stimulation. Salmeterol: Produces bronchodilation by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle through beta-2 receptor stimulation. |
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category Antipsychotic Dibenzapine
Label use Treatment of schizophrenia; treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder, as either monotherapy or adjunct therapy to lithium or divalproex; treatment of depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder; maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder as adjunct therapy to lithium or divalproex; adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorders (ER only).
Mechanism of action Has antipsychotic effects, apparently caused by dopamine- and serotonin-receptor blockade in the CNS.
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category
- Antipsychotic agent
- Quinolinone derivative
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Label use Oral: Treatment of schizophrenia in adults and adolescents 13 to 17 yr of age; acute and maintenance treatment of manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder in adults and children 10 to 17 yr of age; adjunctive therapy to either lithium or valproate for the acute treatment of manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder in adults and children 10 to 17 yr of age; adjunctive therapy to antidepressants for the acute treatment of major depressive disorder in adults; treatment of irritability associated with autistic disorder in children 6 to 17 yr of age.
Injection: Treatment of agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, manic or mixed, in adults.
Mechanism of action Partial agonist at dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A receptors, and antagonist at serotonin 5-HT2A receptor |
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category Leukotriene receptor antagonistLabel use Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in patients 12 mo of age and older; relief of symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis in patients 2 yr of age and older; relief of symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis in patients 6 mo of age and older; prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in patients 15 yr of age and older
Mechanism of action Binds to cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT1) receptor in the upper and lower airways to prevent leukotriene-mediated effects associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis.
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category
Label use Type 2 diabetes, as monotherapy or as an adjunct to diet and exercise; also may be used in conjunction with a sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin when diet, exercise, and a single agent alone does not result in adequate glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Mechanism of action Increases insulin sensitivity in muscle and adipose tissue, and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category
| Biologic response modifier & tumor necrosis factor antagonist with anti-inflammatory effects |
Label use
| RA,psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, JIA, and ankylosing spondylitis |
Mechanism of action Binds specifically to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), blocking its interaction with cell surface TNF receptors, and modulating biological responses induced or regulated by TNF
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category Recombinant
Label use Treatment of anemia related to chronic renal failure (CRF), anemia related to zidovudine therapy in HIV-infected patients, and anemia due to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic nonmyeloid malignancies; reduction of allogeneic blood transfusions in surgery patients
Mechanism of action
Stimulates RBC production |
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category
| Monoclonal antibody against TNFa/Immunomodulator |
Label use Reduce signs and symptoms and induce and maintain clinical remission of moderate to severe Crohn disease in patients who have had inadequate response to conventional therapy; reduce number of draining enterocutaneous and rectovaginal fistulas and maintain fistula closure in fistulizing Crohn disease; in combination with methotrexate to reduce signs and symptoms, inhibit progression of structural damage, and improve physical function in patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis; reduce signs and symptoms of active ankylosing spondylitis; reduce signs and symptoms of, inhibit progression of structural damage, and improve physical function of patients with active psoriatic arthritis; treatment of chronic severe plaque psoriasis in patients who are candidates for systemic therapy; reduce signs and symptoms, achieve clinical remission and mucosal healing, and eliminate corticosteroid use in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis
Mechanism of action Neutralizes the biological activity of tumor necrosis factor TNF–alpha by binding to its soluble and transmembrane forms, and inhibits TNF-alpha receptor binding |
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Term
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Definition
Therapeutic Category
| HMG-CoA reductase nhibitor |
Label use As an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, non–HDL-C, apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and triglyceride (TG) levels, and to increase HDL-C in patients with primary hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia; as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of patients with hypertriglyceridemia; as an adjunct to other lipid-lowering treatments, or alone if such treatments are not available; to reduce LDL-C, TC, and Apo B in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia; as an adjunct to diet to slow the progression of atherosclerosis in adults as part of a treatment strategy to lower TC and LDL-C to target levels; as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of patients with primary dysbetalipoproteinemia (type III hyperlipoproteinemia); as an adjunct to diet to reduce TC, LDL-C, and Apo-B in children 10 to 17 yr of age (girls must be at least 1 yr postmenarche) with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia; to reduce the risk of stroke, MI, and arterial revascularization procedures in individuals without clinically evident coronary heart disease, but with an increased risk of CV disease based on age and other risk factors
Mechanism of act Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme that converts HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a precursor of cholesterol
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| humanized monoclonal antibody that recognizes and blocks vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A).[ |
Label use
approved for metastatic cancer of the colon or rectum; in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment of unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer; in combination with paclitaxel for the treatment of patients who have not received chemotherapy for metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative breast cancer; as single-agent therapy for glioblastoma with progressive disease following prior therapy; in combination with interferon alfa for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
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Mechanism of act Binds to vascular endothelial growth factor, interfering with endothelial cell prolifer |
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Term
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Definition
Label use To decrease incidence of infection, manifested by febrile neutropenia, in patients with nonmyeloid malignancies receiving myelosuppressive anticancer drugs associated with febrile neutropenia.
Mechanism of act Stimulates neutrophil production within bone marrow
Therapeutic Category Colony-stimulating factor
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Term
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Oxycodone Hydrochloride
OxyContin
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Definition
Therapeutic Category OPoid analgesic
Label use Relief of moderate to moderately severe pain
Mechanism of act Relieves pain by stimulating opiate receptors in CNS; may cause respiratory depression, peripheral vasodilation, inhibition of intestinal peristalsis, sphincter of Oddi spasm, stimulation of chemoreceptors that cause vomiting and increased bladder tone |
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