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Definition
| some cause cancer, some don't |
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Definition
| binds hydrophobic pocket of vp1 capsid of rhino virus |
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Term
| examples of helical viruses |
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Definition
| influenza, rabies, tobacco mosaic, no DNA viruses are helical |
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Definition
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Definition
| largest genome of any rna virus, 2nd leading cause of common cold |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| capsid to envelope and proton pump so virus can release genome if endocytosed, halt host protein synth. |
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Definition
| dsDNA, replicate in nucleus except for pox which does in cytoplasm and has its own stuff |
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Term
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Definition
| ssDNA, + or -, reps in nucleus, involves formation of comp strand, parovirus |
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Term
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Definition
| dsRNA, segmented genome, each transcribed separetely to form monicistronic mRNA, reovirus |
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Term
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Definition
| ssRNA, +, no tag-along polymerase, naked rna is infectious, rhinovirus |
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Term
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Definition
| ssRNA, -, need a tag-along polymerase, paramyxovirus, orthomyxovirus |
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Term
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Definition
| ssRNA, +, retrovrius, diploid, DNA intermeidate |
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Definition
| dsDNA, with rna intermediate, hep b |
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Term
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Definition
| 20nm-200nm, parovirus smallest at 22nm |
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Definition
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Term
| Influenza activity mediated by? |
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Definition
hemigglutinin-into cell, binds sialic acid
neuraminadase-helps virus get out
has segmented genome |
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Term
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Definition
| fiber knobs and pantone base, uses integrin and coxxecci for binding |
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Term
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Definition
HPV/Hep B have circ. genome
Herpes is linear and turns circ. once it infects |
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Term
largest DNA genome?
largest RNA genome?
smallest Genome? |
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Definition
poxviradae(380kb)
coronaviradae(30kb)
M2 bac.phage (3kb) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| measles, mumps = enveloped |
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Definition
| adenovirus, herpes = naked or enveloped |
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Definition
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Term
| how to determine virus receptor |
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Definition
| receptor knockouts, compete with soluble recep, antibody blocking |
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Term
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Definition
| binding(ionic)-attachment-fusion-transport |
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Term
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Definition
| sugar, protein, Ig-like, Cell-signaling |
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Term
rhinovirus
influenza
herpes
adenovirus
hiv
rsv
polio
hpv |
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Definition
icam
sialic acid
heparan sulfate, nectin 1, hvem
coxackie a.v. receptor
cd4, ccr5
heparan sulfate
cd155
integrins |
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Term
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Definition
| v3 loops of gp120 to CD4, then gp41 helps with fusion |
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Term
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Definition
binding: gC and gB to HS
fusion: gD to HVEM, Nectin 1-2, 3-0-S HS |
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Term
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Definition
| ssRNA without a coat, plant pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
M1 helps with budding
M2 causes fusion and release of virus from endosome through proton pumping |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| viral thymidine kinase activates it and thus only targets virus infected cells, herpes |
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Term
DNA Virus w/ > 100 serotypes
DNA Virus w/ 1 serotype
RNA Virus w/ > 100 serotypes |
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Definition
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Term
| Lysosomal function inhibitor |
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Definition
| ineffective against HIV and other viruses that don't need low pH for release from endosome/lysosome |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibits protease from cleaving the polyproteins gag and pol so functional HIV viral particles cannot be assembled |
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Term
| do rotaviruses need to b epartially digested by proteases to get into the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Most DNA viruses use host RNA pol, which don't? |
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Definition
| poxvirus and hep b, but all have a viral encoded DNA polymerse |
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Term
| some viruses use host cell DNA pol, and depend on cell for everything, which are they? |
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Definition
| parvovirus B19 and HPV, that's why they stick around |
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Term
| Order of events for Herpes? |
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Definition
| Tegument proteins shut down host cell protein synthesis, DNA released into nucleus and gets transcribed to alpha mRNA that gets translated into alpha proteins, alpha reg proteins for back and initiate transcription again generating Beta mRNA and proteins, which then carry on |
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Term
Rolling Circle Model
Bidirectional
Displacement Synth
Hairpin Mechanism |
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Definition
HSV-1
SV40 virus
adenovirus
parvovirus |
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Term
| Late events in Herpes rep? |
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Definition
| B proteins replicate viral genome by rolling circle model, gamma mRNA is turned into the gamma structural proteins, viral particles packaged in golgi and released |
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Term
| SV-40 virus bidirectional replication? |
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Definition
| early and late transcription, early product includes T-antigen which unzips DNA in both directions |
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Term
| Which RNA viruses have their own RNA to RNA polymerase? |
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Definition
| Polio, Influenza, respiratory syncytical virus, rabies, rubella, measles, hep a and c, ebola |
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Term
| viruses using host RNA pol? |
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Definition
| HIV, Human T-cell leukemia virus |
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Term
| RNA replication occurs in the cytoplasm of all RNA viruses except? |
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Definition
| Retroviruses, influenza, hep d |
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Term
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Definition
| genome transcribed, get a polyprotein that is cleaved into its active parts, one of which is RDRP that makes a - strand that then gets turned into a bunch of + strand |
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Term
| ssRNA - , and dsRNA +- viruses need? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Gag=structural proteins
Pol=protease, integrase, RT
Env=envelop proteins
Tat/Rev=regulatory proteins |
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Term
| what is the human version of RT? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| RT makes DNA from one (of 2)strands of RNA, then RNaseH with ribonuclease activity removes RNA, then host cell DNA pol makes comp DNA strand, then it's integrated into host DNA by integrase. Proteases cleave the poly protein that is subsequnetly created |
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Term
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Definition
| budding (enveloped) or lysis(naked) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| red cheeks=eryhtema infectiosum, feline panleukopenia, fifth disease, depends on actively dividing cell? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| against p24 capsid protein |
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Term
| partial circular dsDNA genome? |
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Definition
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Term
| only virus that produce genomic DNA by using RT with mRNA as template? |
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Definition
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Term
| which virus needs a helper virus to donate its envelope proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| herpes virus that causes congenital abnormalities? |
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Definition
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Term
| herpes virus ass. with Burkitts lymphoma, hairy leukopenia without giant cell formation? |
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Definition
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Term
Sites of Latency?
HSV-1
HSV-2
VZV
EBV
CMV
HHV-8 |
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Definition
cranial sensory ganglia
lunbar and sacral sensory ganglia
cranial or thoracic sensory ganglia
b cells
circulating lymphoid or epithelial cells
not known |
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Term
| corona virus envelope derived from? |
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Definition
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Term
| what virus can be visualized with a light microscope? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| visible changes from viral infection |
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Term
| Visual changes in herpes infected cell? |
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Definition
| actin becomes disorganized |
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Term
| Which viruses form syncytium and what is it? |
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Definition
| when an infected cell fuses with neighboring cells, murine leukemia virus and Respiratory Syncytial virus, leading cause of pneumonia in infants |
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Term
| leading cause of corneal blindness? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| For herpes and vericella zoster (c. pox) |
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Term
| If virus does not cause a cytopathic effect, what can you notice? |
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Definition
Hemadsorption=attachment of RBCs to virus infected cell (influenza, parainfluenza)
Interference=coinfect a cell that is infected with CPE causing Cozackieviurs with Rubella and mute effect
pH indicator
defensive identification: inclusion bodies--- rabies=negri bod. CMV=Owls Eye, Pap Smear=HPV, plaque formation=psuedo rabies, HSV |
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Term
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Definition
| Number of plaques/(dilution fac.Xvolume of diluted virus) |
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Term
| Amplify viral genome for detection? |
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Definition
| if rna, use RT then PCR DNA product, otherwise just PCR |
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Term
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Definition
| Real time pcr, extremely accurate |
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Term
| How can engineering a virus tell u whether someone is infected, called Reporter virus detection? |
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Definition
| add gene for an enzyme (eg. B galac.) that converts something to a colored product |
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Term
| Light microscopy for pox only. What about other stuff? |
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Definition
| Flourescent tags for flourescene microscopy |
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Term
| What is virus neutralization? |
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Definition
| add antibodies to a virus to a culture, if virus in question is non-infective, then you got the right one |
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Term
| Hemagglutination Inhibition? |
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Definition
| same as virus neutralization |
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Term
| what is complement fixation? |
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Definition
| if antibodies present (ie + for virus), complement is fixed and no lysis is noted |
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Term
| which viruses won't grow in cell culture? |
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Definition
| hep b, parovirus, papillomavirus, diarrheal viruses |
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Term
| what are the fingerprints of CPE? |
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Definition
| cell rounding/detachment, synctia, loss of mitochondrial function, swelling of nuclei, DNA fragmentation |
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Term
| What is the significance of F protein of RSV? |
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Definition
| F, fusion protein, causes RSV infected cells to form multinuclceated giant cells, or syncytia |
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Term
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Definition
| CMV flouresence detection of CMV early protein pp65 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What transcript is expressed in HSV-1 latent phase? |
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Definition
| LAT is an unusual 2kb intron, detectable with in situ hybridization |
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Term
| most commonly used reporter gene? |
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Definition
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Term
| Types of inclusion bodies observed in viral infections? |
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Definition
Negri bodies=rabies
Owl eyes=cmv
guarnieri bodies=small pox
cowdry bodies= HSV and VZV |
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Term
| what type of infection has prominent inclusion bodies? |
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Definition
| herpes simplex encephalitis |
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