Term
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Definition
| What system is the thyroid part of? |
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Term
| Maintains body metabolism, growth, and development through the synthesis, storage, and secretion of thyroid hormones |
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Definition
| what is the thyroid's function? |
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Term
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Definition
| What hormones does the thyroid secrete? |
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Term
| 10-15 MHz lineat array transducer |
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Definition
What kind of transducer is used for
the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the normal length of the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the normal AP diameter of the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the normal width of the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the smallest part of the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the normal AP diameter of the isthmus? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which side of the thyroid is normally larger? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is anterior in relation to the thyroid? |
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Term
- sternothyroid
- omohyoid
- sternohyoid
- sternocleidomastoid muscles
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Definition
| What muscles make up the strap muscles? |
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Term
- common carotid artery
- internal jugular vein
- vagus nerve
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Definition
| What is posterior in relation to the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is posterior and lateral in relation to the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| What may be found left of the trachea/ |
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Term
- 2 superior thyroid arteries
- 2 inferior thyroid arteries
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Definition
| What 4 arteries supply the thyroid? |
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Term
From the external carotids and descend to
the upper poles |
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Definition
| Where do the 2 superior thyroid arteries arise from? |
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Term
| from the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery and ascend to the lower poles |
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Definition
| iWhere do the 2 inferior thyroid arteries arise from? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where do the thyroid's veins drain to? |
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Term
| it is released into the bloodstream by the action of thyrotropin (TSH), which is produced by the pituitary gland |
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Definition
| what happens then the thyroid hormone is needed? |
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Term
| thyrotropin-releasing factor, which is produced by the hypothalmus |
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Definition
| The secretion of TSH is regulated how? |
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Term
| Helps maintain homeostasis of calcium in the blood with the hormone calcitonin |
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Definition
| The thyroid also helps maintain homeostasis of calcium how? |
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Term
| iodine deficiency- leading to goiter and hypothyroidism |
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Definition
| What is the most common cause of worldwide thyroid problems? |
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Term
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Definition
| Too much calcium in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| When the thyroid is producing the right amount of thyroid hormone, normal |
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Term
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Definition
| The undersecretion of thyroid hormones, caused by low intake of iodine in the body, inability of the thyroid to produce proper amount of thyroid hormone, or a problem in the pituitary gland |
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Term
- weight gain
- hair loss
- increased subcutaneous tissue around the eyes
- lethargy
- intellectual and motor slowing
- cold intolerance
- constipation
- deep husky voice
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Definition
| clinical idications of hypothyroidism? |
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Term
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Definition
| oversecretion of thyroid hormones, occurs when the entire gland is out of control or if a localized neoplasm causes overproduction of the thyroid hormone |
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Term
- weight loss
- increased appetite
- high degree of nervous energy
- tremor
- excessive sweating
- heat intolerance
- palpations
- protruding eyes
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Definition
| Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism? |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to test the function of the thyroid |
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Term
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Definition
| Takes up to much injection |
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Term
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Definition
| takes up to little injection |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| any enlargement of the gland |
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Term
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Definition
| most common thyroid abnormality |
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Term
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Definition
| Who more frequently are affected with nodules of the thyroid? |
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Term
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Definition
| Is formed when the thyroid is unable to produce an adequate supply of iodine tat is required by the body |
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Term
| Toxic multinodular goiter |
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Definition
hyperthyroid condition caused by excessive stimulation from TSH, which produces a lare nodular gland
may appear encapsulated |
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Term
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Definition
diffuse thyroid enlargement not resulting from neoplasm or inflammation. Not initially associated with hyper or hypothyroidism
Gland becomes enlarges from attempts to trap every atom of iodine |
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Term
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Definition
- Elevated T3 and T4 and decrease in TSH
-
diffusely homogeneous and enlarged
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bulging eyes and skin thickening
-
hyperthyroidism associated with a diffuse hyperplastic goiter is present
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increased vascularity
-
"Thyroid inferno"
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Term
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Definition
causes swelling and tenderness of the thyroid. Caused by infection or can be related to autoimmune abnormalities.
Two types: DeQuervain's and Hashimoto's |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by a viral infection that results in diffuse inflammation of the thyroid with enlargement and tenderness |
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Term
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Definition
Characterized by chronic inflammation of the thyroid
More prevalent in women
The entire gland is involved with an inflammatory reaction |
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Term
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Definition
benign thyroid neoplasm characterized by complete fibrous encapsulation.
Appear commonly with a peripheral halo |
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Term
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Definition
Most common of the thyroid malignancies and the predominant cause of thyroid cancer in children
Also spreads into the cervical lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
Second most common thyroid malignancy and spreads through the bloodstream instead of the lymphatic system
Also is more aggressive than papillary cancer |
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Term
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Definition
Primarily the non hodgkins type, patients presents with rapidly growing mass in the neck area.
Many cases have a pre-existing thyroiditis |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal measurement of the parathyroid glands |
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Term
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Definition
hyperfunction of all parathyroid glands with no apparant cause. Only one gland may significantly enlarge, or all may enlarge. Rarely reach more than 1 cm in size.
Most commonly caused by adenoma |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital anomalies that present in the midline of the neck anterior to the trachea. The duct normally atrophies in the adult. Failure to atrophy can lead to cyst formation. They are oval or spherical masses rarely larger than 2-3cm |
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Term
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Definition
| low-level echogenicity of well-circumscribed masses is the classic sonographic appearance of enlarged lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| benign thyroid neoplasm characterized by complete fibrous encapsulation |
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Term
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Definition
| enlargement of the lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| rare, undifferentiated carcinoma occuring in middle age |
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Term
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Definition
| remnant of embryonic development that appears as a cyst in the neck |
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Term
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Definition
| a thyroid hormone that is important for mantaining a dense strong bone matrix and regulating the blood calcium level |
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Term
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Definition
| cystic neck mass caused by malformations of the cervical thoracic lymphatic system |
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Term
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Definition
| viral infection of the thyroid gland resulting from thyroid hormone deficiency |
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Term
diffuse nontoxic goiter
(colloid goiter) |
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Definition
| occurs as a compensatory enlargement of teh thyroid gland resulting from thyroid hormone deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to a normal functioning thyroid gland |
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Term
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Definition
| invasive procedure used to obtain a small speciman from from a specific lesion |
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Term
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Definition
occur as a solitary malignant mass within the
thyroid gland |
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Term
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Definition
| autoimmune disorder of diffuse toxic goiter characterized by bulging eyes(exophthalmos) |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland caused by the formation of antibodies against normal thyroid tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder associated with elevated serum calcium level, usually caused by a benign parathyroid adenoma |
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Term
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Definition
| oversecretion of thyroid hormones |
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Term
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Definition
| low phosphatase level, which can be seen with hyperparathyroidism |
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Term
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Definition
| underactive thyroid homones |
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Term
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Definition
| small piece of thyroid tissue that connects the right and left lobes of the gland |
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Term
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Definition
| wedge-shaped muscle posterior to the thyroid lobes |
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Term
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Definition
| neoplastic growth that accounts for 10% of thyroid malignancies |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny echogenic foci within a nodule that may or may not shadow |
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Term
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Definition
| nodular enlargement of the thyroid associated with hyperthyroidism |
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Term
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Definition
| degenerative nodules within the thyroid |
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Term
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Definition
| a hormone that is secreted by parathyroid glands, which regulate serum calcium levels |
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Term
|
Definition
| enlargement of multiple parathyroid glands |
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Term
| primary hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
| oversecretion of parathyroid hormone, usually from a parathyroid adenoma |
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Term
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Definition
| present in small percentage of patients; extends superiorly from the isthmus |
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Term
| secondary hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
| enlargement of parathyroid glands in patients with renal failure or vitamin D deficiency |
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Term
|
Definition
| labratory value that is elevated with hyperparathyroidism |
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Term
| sternocleidomastoid muscles |
|
Definition
| large muscles anterolateral to the thyroid |
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Term
|
Definition
group of three muscles that lie anterior to the thyroid
sternothyroid, sternohyoid, and omohyoid |
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Term
|
Definition
| congenital anamolies that present in midline of the neck anterior to the trachea |
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Term
| thyroid-stimulating hormone |
|
Definition
| a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine and triiodothyronine |
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