Term
| Organized into follicles where the syntheses occurs and is separated from thyroglobulin. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 2 major hormones secreted from Thyroid Gland. |
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Definition
Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3) |
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Term
| Which hormone of the thyroid gland makes up 93% of the hormones secreted. |
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Definition
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Term
| __ is required for formation of T4 from T3 |
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Definition
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Term
| __ gland produces Calcitonin |
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Definition
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Term
| Present within the lumen of the follicles of the thyroid gland. |
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Definition
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Term
| A large glycoprotein molecule that contains about 70 tyrosine amino acids, which are a major substrate that combines with iodide to form thyroid hormone. |
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Definition
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Term
| Thyroid hormone forms within what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Thyroid hormones remain within thyroglobulin for storage in where? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 things that are cleaved from thyroglobulin in order to be released into the circulating blood. |
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Definition
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Term
| Upon entering the blood, 99% of T3 and T4 combines immediately with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| All of these are synthesized in the liver |
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Definition
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Term
| This high affinity for protein binding allows the thyroid hormone to be released __ into the tissues. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 things that have a slow onset and long duration of action - likley due to the binding of plasma proteins and intracellular proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| Increases the transcription of large numbers of genes, leading to the synthesis of protein enzymes, structural proteins, transport proteins, and other substrates in virtually all cells of the body |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 2 effects that thyroid hormone has on growth and CNS development. |
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Definition
1. Growth rate is accelerated in young ppl, esp skeletal growth and brain development
2. Mental processes are excited |
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Term
| Name the 8 effects that thyroid hormone has on metabolism. |
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Definition
1. Increased # of mitochondria
2. Increased Na/K ATPase - increases rate of transport of ions thru a cell
3. Increased O2 cosumption
4. Increase glucose absorption
5. Increase gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis
6. Increase lipolysis
7. Rate of protein synthesis and catabolism are increased
8. Can raise BMR by 60-100% above normal when large quantities of hormone are secreted |
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Term
| Name 6 effects that thyroid hormone has on cardiovascular system. |
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Definition
1. Increases responsiveness to catecholamines
2. Increase blood flow and CO
3. Increase HR
4. Increase heart strength
5. No change of mean arterial pressure
6. Increase respiration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Any process involved in cellular metabolism can be upregulated by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Exerts a negative-feedback relationship and pituitary hormones that influence thyroid hormone synthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| Exposure to cold excites hypothalamic centers for temperature regulation which increases the release of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Besides cold, what other 3 things can stimulate release of TSH. |
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Definition
Anxiety
Excitement
Strong Emotions |
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Term
| TRH (from hypothalamus) stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release TSH to go to thyroid gland and initiate production of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| TH, by negative-feedback, can inhibit what 2 glands to influence thyroid hormone synthesis. |
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Definition
Hypothalamus (TRH)
Pituitary (TSH) |
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