Term
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Definition
| Descrepancy between current/initial state and a goal state. |
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Definition
| A search through problem space to find a path from the initial state to the goal state. |
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Term
| Three Stages of Problem Solving |
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Definition
1)Interpret/understand problem and form a problem representation.
2)Produce/Select some possible actions
3)Verify solution
Loop step 2 and 3. If looping doesn't work try
4)Incubation, basically leave and come back to the problem later. |
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Term
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Definition
| a mental model of the problem. Prone to mental set and functional fixedness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to see beyond the typical use of an object |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to approach a problem in a particular way. type of confirmation bias |
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Term
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Definition
| A tool for problem solving. Draw things out. |
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Term
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Definition
| Take the choice that moves you closest to the goal. If the situation requires moving away from the goal to reach it. |
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Term
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Definition
| characterize the difference between goal and current state. Choose and operator to reduce some large part of the difference. Basically make sub-goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Start at the goal state and determine what previous conditions must have been, given the problem. Often there are fewer paths from the goal state to the initial state than visa-versa. |
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Term
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Definition
| judging the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory |
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Term
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Definition
| the probability of the conjunction of two events is necessarily less than the probability of either event by itself. |
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Term
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Definition
| searching for information that confirms or matches a specific hypothesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| really only applies to objectively unbiased situations such as true games of chance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Probablility as the proportion of times an event occurs out of all the occasions it could have occurred. |
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Term
| Relationship between decision making and probability |
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Definition
| Decision making involves taking info about probability and combining it with info about your goals and interests. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anything useful in taking you nearer a goal has utility to you. |
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Term
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Definition
| average benefit given prize figures and knowledge of the odds |
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