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| Calorie to Joule conversion |
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| Velocity Root Mean Square |
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Definition
Vrms = √3RT/M
or
Vrms = √3kBT/m |
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| First law of thermodynamics (book convention) |
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Definition
DU = Q - W
Q(+) Energy added
Q(-) Energy removed
W(+) Work done by system
W(-) Work done on system |
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| First law of thermodynamics (review convention) |
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Definition
ΔU = Q + W
Q(+) Energy added
Q(-) Energy removed
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| First law of thermodynamics |
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Definition
DU = Q - W
T ↑ Q+ Enters system W+ Done on system
T↓ Q- Leaves system W- Done by system |
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Definition
no work done
DV = 0 so PDV = 0 so W = 0
DU = Q Q+ energy added Q- energy removed |
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Definition
No temperature change and no internal energy change DT = 0 so DU = 0 Q = W
DU = Q - W = 0
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Definition
No energy transfer by heat
Q = 0 so ΔU = -- W
Work - increases ΔU
Work + decreases Δ |
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| Efficiency of a heat engine |
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Definition
| e = W/Q = 1 - Q2/Q1 = 1 - T2/T1 |
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| Y = stress/strain = Fl/ΔlA = Young's Modulus |
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| Thermal expansion of liquids |
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| Thermal expansion of solids |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Symbol - c
Unit - Joules/(gram·degree Celcius) (J/g°C)
- calories/(gram·degree Celcius) (cal/g°C) |
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Term
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Definition
L
Joules/grams (J/g)
calories/grams (cal/g) |
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Term
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Definition
E
Joules (J)
calories (cal) |
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Term
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Definition
Q
Joules (J)
calories (cal) |
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Definition
P
atmospheres (atm or mmHg or Pa) |
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T
degree Celcius (°C)
Kelvins (K) |
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R
62.4 LmmHg/molK
0.0821 Latm/molK |
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Definition
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Definition
W
Joules (J)
calories (cal) |
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Definition
U
Joules (J)
calories (cal) |
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Term
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Definition
c
Joules/(grams•degree Celcius)
J/g°C
calories/(grams•degree Celcius)
cal/g°C |
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Term
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Definition
L
Joules/grams or calories/grams
J/g or cal/g |
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Definition
E
Joules or calories
J or cal |
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Definition
Q
Joules or calories
J or cal |
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Term
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Definition
P
atmospheres
atm or mmHg or pa |
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T
degree Celcius or Kelvins
°C or K |
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R
62.4 LmmHg/moleK
0.082 Latm/moleK |
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W
Joules or calories
J or cal |
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Term
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Definition
U
Joules or calories
J or cal |
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