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| Functional perspective of group decision making |
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Definition
developed by hirokawa and gouran.
groups can make better decisions than individuals because groups have more resources |
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| four function of group decision making |
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| Analysis of the problem,goal setting, identifying of alternatives,evaluation of positive oand negative characteristics of alternatives |
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| realistically look at current conditions. determine the nature, extent, and probable causes of the problems |
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| establish criteria for judging proposed solutions |
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| Identification of alternatives |
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| generation of all possible outcomes |
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| evaluation of poss. neg. characteristics of alternatives |
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| failure to recognize pos/neg qualities and overestimating pos/neg qualities |
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| 3 typed of communication in decision |
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| promotive, disruptive, counteractive |
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| interaction that calls attention the the function |
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| interaction that detracts from the function |
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| interaction that refocuses the group |
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| rules and resources of a group |
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| how things ought to be done or what is good or bad |
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| materials, personal traits, abilities and knowledge used to influence or control actions of the group or its members |
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| adopting a rile or resources from another group or the larger culture |
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| use of the rules and resources to create a new structure |
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| use of rules and resources to reinforce structures already in place |
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| making group produce decisions |
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| decision, production, reproduction |
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| if rules and resources of a group changes members did something that change them |
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| structuration (the process of making a structure) |
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| production and reproduction of the social system through group members |
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| task groups intentionally adapt rules and resources to accomplish goals |
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| core claims of adaptive structuration theory |
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| groups create themselves, yet members dont always realize they are crafting and reinforcing the tools that do the work |
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| Face Negotiation Theory FNT |
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| helps to explain cultural differnces in response to conflict |
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| public self image- we want to be seen |
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| nonverbal and verbal ways we act to maintain our face of another's face |
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| defending your own positive image |
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| defending/supporting the positive image of others |
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| 5 styles of managing conflict |
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Definition
| dominating avoiding obliging compromising integrating |
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| withdrawing from open discussion |
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| accommodating or giving into the wishes of another |
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| negotiation or bargaining |
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| collaboration, problem solving through open discussion |
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| message are communicated indirectly, meaning is derived from the situation |
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| info is stated very directly american, english low context |
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| individual goals, assertiveness and honesty valued, face-restoration is valued, preferred method of conflict is dominating, integrating |
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| messages are communicated indirectly, patience being indirect and empathy are valued, collective needs are important,face-giving is valued preferred methods of conflict resolution are avoiding, obliging and compromising |
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| self image the degree to which people see themselves as relatively separate from or connected to others |
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| values "I" identity more self face oriented common within individualistic cultures |
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| values "we" identity emphasizes relational connectedness. common with collectivism |
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| independent self-face restoration-dominating |
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| type of culture- type of self construal-type of face maintenance- type of conflict management |
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| interdependent self-face giving-avoiding |
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| theory of genderlect styles |
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| male-female conversation is cross cultural communication |
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| occurs when men and women dont realize theyre in a cross culture encounter |
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| masculine and feminine styles of communication are 2 distinct cultural dialects |
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| says language is literally a MAN made construction |
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| people with little power who have trouble giving voice to their perception |
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| editors and other authorities of culture who control what appears in the mass media |
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