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| the second stage of psychosexual development, when pleasure is derived from retaining and expelling feces |
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| an elaborate explanation of human nature that combines ideas from history, mythology, anthropology, and religion |
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| the biological and psychological aspects of masculinity and femininity, which are thought to coexist in both sexes |
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| a feeling of dread that results from repressed feelings, memories, desires, and experience that emerge to the surface of awareness |
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| the images of universal experiences contained in the collective unconscious |
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| a higher level of ethical practice that addresses doing what is best for the clients |
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| consists of evaluating relevant factors in a clients life to identify themes for further exploration in the counseling process |
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| an anonymous stance assumed by classical psychoanalysts aimed at fostering transference |
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Term
| borderline personality disorder |
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by instability, irritability, self-destructive acts, impulsivity, and extreme mood shifts. Such people lack a sense of their own identity and do not have a deep understanding of others |
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| a departure from a commonly accepted practice that could potentially benefit a client |
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| a serious and unethical breach that harms the client |
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| brief psychodynamic therapy (BPT) |
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Definition
| an adaptation of the principles of psychoanalytic theory and therapy aimed at treating selective disorders within a preestablished time limit |
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Definition
| the traditional (Freudian) approach to psychoanalysis based on a long-term exploration of past conflicts, many of which are unconscious, and an extensive process of working through early wounds |
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| from a Jungian perspective, the deepest level of the psyche that contains an accumulation of inherited experiences |
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| masking perceived weaknesses or developing certain positive traits to make up for limitations |
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| an ethical concept, and in most states a legal duty of therapists not to disclose information about a client |
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| contemporary psychoanalysis |
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Definition
| newer formulations of psychoanalytic theory that share some core characteristics of classical analytic theory, but with different applications of techniques; extensions and adaptations of orthodox psychoanalysis |
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Definition
| the therapist's unconscious emotional responses to a client that are likely to interfere with objectivity; unresolved conflicts of the therapist that are projected onto the client |
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| according to Erikson, a turning point in life when we have the potential to move forward or regress. At these turning points, we can either resolve our conflicts or fail to master the developmental task |
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| the human aggressive drive that is an unconscious wish to die or to hurt oneself or others |
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| "closing one's eyes" to the existence of a threatening aspect of reality |
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Definition
| identifying a specific mental disorder based on a pattern of symptoms |
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Term
| dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) |
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Definition
| a blend of cognitive behavioral therapy and psychoanalytic techniques that generally involves a minimum of one year of treatment |
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Definition
| directing energy toward another object or person when the original object or person is inaccessible |
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Definition
| a technique for uncovering unconscious material and giving clients insight into some of their unresolved problems. Therapists participate with clients in exploring dreams and in interpreting possible meanings |
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Definition
| the process by which the latent content of a dream is transformed into the less threatening manifest content |
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| dual or multiple relationships |
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Definition
| when a counselor assumes two or more roles simultaneously or sequentially with a client |
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Definition
| attempts to organize and mediate between the id and the dangers posed by the id's impulses |
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| the psychosocial approach of Erik Erikson, which emphasizes the development of the ego or self at various stages of life |
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Definition
| help the individual cope with anxiety and prevent the ego from being overwhelmed and either deny or distort reality and operate on an unconscious level |
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| evidence-based practice (EBP) |
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Definition
| the integration of best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences |
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Definition
| the condition of being being arrested or "stuck," at one level of psychosexual development |
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Definition
| a primary technique, consisting of spontaneous and uncensored verbalization by the client, which gives clues to the nature of the client's unconscious conflicts |
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| the final stage of psychosexual development, usually attained at adolescence, in which heterosexual interests and activities are generally predominant |
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| all the untamed drives or impulses that might be likened to the biological component |
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| a theory stating that instincts and intrapsychic conflicts are the basic factors shaping personality development (both normal and abnormal) |
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Definition
| identifying with successful causes, organizations, or people in the hope that you will be perceived as worthwhile |
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Definition
| a developmental challenge, occurring during adolescence, whereby the seeks to establish a stable view of self and to define a place in life |
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Definition
| the harmonious integration of the conscious and the unconscious aspects of personality |
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| the right of clients to be informed about their therapy and to make autonomous decisions pertaining to it |
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Definition
| a technique used to explore the meanings of free association, dreams, resistances, and transference feelings |
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Definition
| taking in and "swallowing" the values and standards of others |
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Definition
| a period of psychosexual development, following the phallic stage, that is relatively calm before the storm of adolescence |
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Definition
| instinct that is bot ha sexual energy as well as one that is the energy of all the life instincts |
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Definition
| serve the purpose of the survival of the individual as well as the human race |
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| maintaining the analytic frame |
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Definition
| refers to a range of procedures, such as an analyst's anonymity, regularity, and consistency of meetings, as a structure for therapy |
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| a view of ethical practice that deals with the minimum level of professional practice |
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Definition
| the dream as it appears to the dreamer |
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Definition
| fear of one's own conscience |
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Definition
| a process whereby group members develop intense feelings for certain others in a group; an individual may "see" in others some significant figure such as a parent, life-partner; ex-lover; or boss |
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Definition
| extreme self-love, as opposed to love of others. A narcissistic personality is characterized by a grandiose and exaggerated sense of self-importance and an exploitative attitude toward others, which hides a poor self-concept |
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Definition
| fear that the instincts will get out of hand and cause one to do something for which one will be punished |
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| nonprofessional interactions |
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Definition
| additional relationships other than sexual ones |
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Definition
| interpersonal relationships as they are represented intrapsychically |
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Definition
| the initial stage of psychosexual development, during which the mouth is the primary source of gratification; a time when the infant is learning to trust or mistrust the world |
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Definition
| the mask we wear; or public face we present as a way to protect ourselves |
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Definition
| the third stage of psychosexual development, during which the child gains maximum gratification through direct experience with gentials |
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Definition
| rules the id and tries to reduce tension, avoid pain, and gain pleasure |
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Definition
| an approach taken by practitioners who want to do their best for clients rather than simply meet minimum standards to stay out of trouble |
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| using data generated during treatments to inform the process and outcome of treatment |
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| a legal concept that generally bars the disclosure of confidential communications in a legal proceeding |
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Definition
| attributing to others one's own unacceptable desires and impulses |
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| psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy involving a shortening and simplifying of the lengthy process of psychoanalysis |
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Definition
| the interplay of opposing forces and intrapsychic conflicts that provide a basis for understanding human motivation |
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Definition
| refer to the Freudian phases of development, beginning in infancy |
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Definition
| the Freudian chronological phases of development, beginning in infancy. Each is characterized by a primary way of gaining sensual and sexual gratification |
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Definition
| Erikson's turning points, from infancy through old age. Each presents psychological and social tasks that must be mastered if maturation is to proceed in a healthy fashion |
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Definition
| manufacturing "good" reasons to explain away a bruised ego |
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| actively expressing the opposite impulse when confronted with a threatening impulse |
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| the fear of danger from the external world proportionate to the level of real threat |
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| rules the ego and does realistic and logical thinking and formulates plans of action for satisfying needs |
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Definition
| going back to an earlier phase of development when there were fewer demands |
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Definition
| an analytic model based on the assumption that therapy is an interactive process between the client and the therapist. The interpersonal analyst assumes that countertransference is a source of information about the client's character and dynamics |
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Definition
| a model that characterizes therapy as an interactive process between client and therapist in which countertransference provides an important source of information about the client's character and dynamics |
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Definition
| threatening or painful thoughts and feelings are excluded from awareness |
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Definition
| the client's reluctance to bring to awareness threatening unconscious material that has been repressed |
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| a theory that emphasizes how we use interpersonal relationships (self objects) to develop our own sense of self |
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Definition
| a Jungian archetype representing thoughts, feelings and actions that we tend to disown by projecting them outward |
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Definition
| diverting sexual or aggressive energy into other channels |
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Definition
| an internalized social component, largely rooted in what the person imagines to be the expectations of parental figures |
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| time-limited dynamic psychotherapy |
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Definition
| through this form of psychoanalytically oriented therapy, clients gain a sense of what it is like to interact more fully and flexibly within the therapy situation. They are helped to apply to the outside world what they are learning in the office |
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Definition
| the client's unconscious shifting of feelings and fantasies, both positive and negative, that are displacements from reactions to significant others from the client's past |
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| transference relationship |
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Definition
| the transfer of feelings originally experienced in an early relationship to other important people in a person' present environment |
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Definition
| part of the mind that stores all experiences, memories, and repressed material |
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Definition
| that aspect of psychological funtioning or of the personality that houses experiences, wishes, impulses, and memories in an out-of-awareness state as a protection against anxiety |
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Definition
| a process of resolving basic conflicts that are manifested in the client's relationship with the therapist; achieved by the repetition of interpretations and by exploring forms of resistance |
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